CMOS: triggering

evolution.
FROM EARLY CPUS TO SOCS :
WHAT REALLY HAPPENED?
A generic CPU
What is necessary
for it to operate?
A motherboard obviously!
A GENERIC SoC
What does a SoC
need to operate?
An SoC, or system-on-a-chip to give its full
name, integrates almost all of these
components into a single silicon chip. Along
with a CPU, an SoC usually contains a GPU (a
graphics processor), memory, USB controller,
power management circuits, and wireless
radios (WiFi, 3G, 4G LTE, and so on). Whereas a
CPU cannot function without dozens of other
chips, its possible to build complete computers
with just a single SoC.
EVOLUTION , ITS ONLY NATURAL

Still CPUs hold on the market faces no

imminent threats until we move towards more
intrinsic integration but denying that SoC is not
the future will be an understatement according
to my opinion.
We are already seeing this with AMDs Llano and
Intels Ivy Bridge CPUs, which integrate a
memory controller, PCI Express, and a graphics
processor onto the same chip.
DEVELOPMENT OF CMOS :
Perfecting CPUs led to SoCs and
obviously , faster CPUs.
SOME
SPECIFICS
SOME GRAPHS.

What led to such high levels of integration in

The protagonist , not perfect but
dedicated.
What drives our hero?

The channel length !

 SOME POINTS:
1. THE MINIMUM CHANNEL LENGTH OR THE FEATURE SIZE OF
MOS TRANSISTOR HAS DECREASED DRAMATICALLY OVER
THE YEARS , WITH RECENTLY REPORTING DESIGNS
UTILIZING CHANNEL LENGTHS AS SHORT AS 10 nm , THIS
PERMITS VERY TIGHT CIRCUIT PACKAGING AND HENCE VERY
HIGH LEVEL OF INTEGRATION.

2. REDUCING POWER DISSIPATION IS AN IMPORTANT ASPECT

SINCE POWER DENSITY INCREASES AS PACKAGING DENSITY
INCREASES.
Scaling: too important to miss!
DONT OVERDO IT.
Now, some proof
Conclusion:
Rapid development of CMOS technology had led to
smaller concise and powerful processors featuring
high
level of integration
Power dissipation should be controlled by using
techniques such as dynamic mosfet etc.

Finally we can say that mos technology its vlsi

implementation is a exciting field of research,
boundaries are being constantly pushed in order to
get more power in less space.