* Pressure Effects on

Ships
 *What is Pressure?

*Pressure is force per unit area

applied in a direction perpendicular
to the surface of an object.
 *Liquid Pressure
* When a person swims under the water,
water pressure is felt acting on the person's
eardrums. The deeper that person swims,
the greater the pressure.
*Liquid pressure also depends on
the density of the liquid. If
someone was submerged in a liquid
more dense than water, the
pressure would be greater.

*The formula is ;
*P=pxhxg
 *Direction of liquid
pressure

* An experimentally determined fact about

liquid pressure is that it is exerted equally in
all directions. If someone is submerged in
water, no matter which way that person tilts
his/her head, the person will feel the same
amount of water pressure on his/her ears.
Because a liquid can flow, this pressure isn't
only downward.
* Pressure is seen acting sideways when water spurts
sideways from a leak in the side of an upright can.
Pressure also acts upward, as demonstrated when
someone tries to push a beach ball beneath the
surface of the water. The bottom of a boat is
pushed upward by water pressure.
 *Effects on Ships
* When an object is put into the water, it
displaces a certain volume of water. That
water is maintained on place by an ascendant
force which will act on the object placed on
the water and that's why it will decrease the
apparent weight of the object with the weight
of the displaced water volume.
*Ships are also exposed to the inward
water pressure. This pressure increases
with the depth and has a strong effect
upon ships with deep draught (the
distance between the surface of the
water and the bottom of the ship's body).
* The body of such ships must be very strong to
stand water pressure. Other forces can cause
the vibration of the ship's body, due to the
balance and repeated blows of the waves.
* While the ship goes up and down on an
agitated sea, the prow (fore part) experiences
great variations of water pressure. When
descending, the body is pushed inwards. When
the prow ascends, the pressure ceases.
* The resulting movement causes vibration, due
to the balance. It installs in the whole body of
the ship, but it is stronger in the prow. That's
why the ship's body is strengthened at the
prow.