Building material and construction 4

- CURVILINEAR ELEMENTS OF A BUILDING

HARSH A1112
ANISHI A1312
KHUSHBU A1512
PARAMDEEP B3612
 Shells

Singly curved Doubly curved

Cylindrical shell Shells by Rotation Shells by Translation

Conical shell

Circular domes
Paraboloid
Conical domes
Hyperboloid
Parabolic domes
Elliptical domes,
and it types
Shells by Rotation
When a plan curve is rotated about the axis of symmetry

Shells of Translation
Formed when one curve moves parallel to itself along
another curve, the planes of the 2 curves being right
angled to each other
Doubly curved shells

Hyperbolic paraboloid
Elliptical parabolloid
MONOLITHIC DOME
 Various Applications
More space-less material
 Ring beam
foundation for
larger domes

Reinforcement
bars are attached
on the inside
 Hoop stresses
Compressive

Tension ring
 A balloon is inflated and foam is sprayed on the
inside
The process is applicable for all shapes and
sizes
Fixing of the inflate
with the ring beam
 Small domes-large
bars with less spacing
between them
Big domes-small bars
with more spacing
between them
Concrete is again
sprayed on the inside
of the dome on the
bars
 Thickness of the
concrete varies with
purpose and size of
dome
Can be coated with
layers of various types
of coatings
Concrete arch bridges

Open spandrel arch bridge Throughout spandrel arch bridge

Larger spans possible due to concrete being the material

Filled spandrel arch bridge