Design of Steel Flexural Members

Design for :
Economy choose lightest beam that can
carry the load

Serviceability May need deeper beam to

prevent serviceability problems such as
deflection or vibrations
 Design of Steel Flexural Members
Bending about strong
axis (x-axis): w

X X

Bending about weak w

axis

Y Y
Stress and Strain in the Cross-section
Strain

N.A.

small =y plastic

Stress E = F/ E F/

N.A.

small F Fy Fy Fy
 LRFD Equation

Q R
i i n

Load Effect Factored Resistance

Mu Mn
Specification for Flexural Members
p. 16.1-207
Part 5 Design of Flexural Members

Beam Tables Table 5-3, p. 5-42 5-48

Beam Charts Table 5-5, p. 5-71 5-102

Beam Diagrams Table 5-17, p. 5-162 5-177

 Flexural Design Example p. 27 notes
You are to select the lightest A992 steel
beam that can carry a live load of 1.9 k/ft
and a dead load of 1.4 k/ft for a span of 33
feet. Assume first continuous lateral
support, and then lateral support 10 ft from
each end only.
 Flexural Design Example p. 27 notes

Select an A36 channel to carry a

500 lb/ft live load and a 300 lb/ft
dead load for a simply supported
span of 15 ft. Lateral support will
be continuous for both flanges.
 Deflections
Serviceability (not strength) Chapter L
Calculated for service live load only
KBC:
max = L/360 floor members
max = L/240 roof members

where max = maximum deflection

L = span length
 Deflections
p.5-11 LRFD
2
ML

C1 I x

Can also be written

ML

L 12C1 I x
Check deflection of beams chosen in
previous examples
 Beam Shear
Maximum moment:
w
wL2
M max
8

w
Also an internal shear: M

wL
Vmax V
2
R
Beam Shear
Beam Shear
 Shear Strength of Beams
p. 16.1-35 LRFD (with no holes in web)

h E
vVn 0.9(0.6) Fyw Aw if, 2.45
tw Fyw
true for steel shapes
where,
Fyw = yield strength web = Fy for steel shapes
Aw = area of web = d x tw

p. 16.1 67 At connection where holes are in web:

Vn Rn 0.75(0.6) Fu Anv
Check Shear Strength of beams
previously designed
Floor Systems for Steel Frame Structures

Typical floor systems consist of steel

decking filled with concrete

Figures of steel decking p. 16.1- 223

(Commentary to chapter I)
Example
Data Sheet
for Steel Decking
Construction Details
Design Example with Floor System
p. 33 notes

Design the floor system for an office building

using the KBC minimum distributed live
load for corridors (to allow flexibility of
office space). The depth of the floor
beams is limited to 24.5 to allow space for
mechanical systems. Use EC366 steel
decking and lightweight concrete without
shoring.
 30

24.5

45

30

30 30
KBC Minimum Distributed Live Loads
KBC Minimum Concentrated Load
 Composite Construction
Detail of shear connectors
 Composite Construction
PNA in steel
b
Ycon a
C = Ccon+Cst

Tst

C=T
PNA in concrete
b
a C con
Ycon

Tst
 Composite Construction
Ccon = 0.85fcba
T = FyAs

C and T can not exceed force carried by studs, Qn

Qn =0.85 fcba

Qn
a Depth of compression
block
0.85 f 'c b
 Composite Construction p.5-33
Y1 Distance from PNA to beam top
flange
Y2 Distance from concrete flange force
to beam top flange
b effective width of concrete slab flange
a effective concrete flange thickness