Urbanization in England, or any

other small town that has

experienced industrialization in the
world
 Round 1
Draw:
1 River 1 1/2 wide and runs edge to edge
2 bridges (wooden)
4 main roads (single line)
15 houses (Foundation of house must
touch a road)
 Round 2
Select 1 house, which will be yours and
shade it in
Draw:
1 church
1 cemetery
2 stores
1 pub
Agrarian Life: Round 3
English Countryside
1730
Farming, cottage
industry, weaving
Small parcels of land for
family farms
Poverty is widespread
Crime is low
Supermarket doesnt
exist, only small shops
with few goods
The horse is the car, but
most walk
Round 4: 1750 Population Explosion
due to improved
hygiene--such as soap
& sewage lines
Draw:
10 more houses
1 more church
1 more pub
1 more road
1 more river bridge
1 more store
Population Explosion
 Population Growth
Population as deterministic?
Malthusian Controls
Rev. Thomas Malthus
War, famine, disease
avoided by industrial and agricultural revolution.
Agricultural Revolution and Population
Increased pop. capable of being fed - more people survive.
Enclosures send people off countryside to live in Cities
 Round 5
Draw a BROKEN line around an area on
your paper
WRITE in this area For Agricultural Use
Only
Relocate any houses in the area. NOTHING
IS TO BE DRAWN IN THIS AREA
 Enclosure
First: The division of large open fields into privately
controlled plots of land, usually hedged. This land was
already owned, but under a concept of ownership that gave
the owners rights to the crops, but also meant that other
people might have rights to partial use of that land.

Second: division and privatization of common marshes,

moors and other "wastes" (in the original sense of
"uninhabited places"). These enclosures turned common
land into owned land, whereas field enclosures only
segregated land that was already owned.
 Inclosure Acts
The Inclosure Acts of the English Parliament which
enclosed common land in the country.
Rights that people once held, to graze animals on these areas
when not planted by crops, were now being denied.
Common usage is enclosure, but this is not the name of the
acts.

Inclosure acts for small areas had been passed

sporadically since the 12th century but the vast majority of
them were passed between 1760 and 1830.
In 1801 the Inclosure Consolidation Act was passed to tidy up
previous acts. In 1845 another General Inclosure Act allowed
for the employment of inclosure Commissoners who could
inclose land without submitting a request to parliament.
Breeding of Sheep for Meat
Improvements in Farming
Jethro Tull
invented the seed drill (in
1701), the horse-drawn hoe,
and an improved plough.
His seed drill would sow
seed in uniform rows and
cover up the seed in the
rows.
Up to that point, sowing
seeds was done by hand by
scattering seeds on the
ground. Tull considered this
method wasteful since many
Seed Drill seeds did not take root..
Round 6
add 1 Factory with
water frame
add 1 capitalist estate

Great Britains
advantages:
*location (easy travel)
*resources (coal, iron)
*growing population
*stable economy
Round 7
15 houses (#26-40)
5 tenements
1 church
1 pub
1 store
1 bridge (wooden)
Any additional roads
needed
1 canal
Canal
1 packhorse could
move 1000 lbs by
road
1 packhorse could
move 100,000 lbs
by canal
Round 8
Add 5 factories all
with the water frame

Richard Arkwright
Factory System
System of manufacturing
adopted in England at the
beginning of the Industrial
Revolution.
Each worker did a separate
part of the total assembly of
a product.
Workers, paid by wage, and
machines were brought
together in a central factory.
Raw material would arrive at
the top of the mill and
emerge as reels of spun
cotton or silk at the base.
Round 9
10 houses (# 41-50)
20 tenements (#6-25)

People from other

villages now move to
your village
Housing is thrown up
quickly, and not built to
code
Round 10
More workers mean
more people have to
live, eat and shop for
goods.
Add 4 stores
Since workers have
only Sunday off, many
seek religious relief.
Add 1 church
Round 11 Women worked long
hard hours in the
factories. The average
workday began at 6 am
and ended at 9 pm.
There is only a 15
minute break for lunch.
After work, exhausted ,
workers stop at their
favorite pub to relax.
Add 4 pubs
Add 1 school
Round 12
Despite the misery of
the workers, the
capitalists and large
farm owners are making
large profits.
Add 4 ESTATES
Add roads as needed
1770s & the Steam Engine
James Watt & the
Steam Engine
More efficient
Factories can move off
rivers & near canals
1785 Edmond
Cartwright develops the
steam power-loom
All cloth production done
in the factories now
No more cottage
industry manufacture
Factories 1000x faster
than hand
Round 13
Draw 3 canals [3-6
long]
Add 3 coal mines [the
canals connect the coal
mines to the factories]
The coal mines are at the
edge of the paper; if a
house or tenement are in
the way, relocate it
Draw 10 factories [#7-
16] with smoke
 Round 14
Add 3 coal mines
Add one new
IRON bridge
Add 10 Factories
[#17-26]
 Puddling Henry Cort perfects a
Process method for converting
raw iron pig iron into
Circa 1800 wrought iron
Heat & stir iron, rake off
slag impurities until pig
iron becomes pasty &
purer
Beat and roll to expel
more slag
More coal needed to
fuel the iron industry
Village propelled into
the Age of Heavy
Industry
More & better machines
Slag byproducts: sulfur can now be made
& carbon monoxide
Round 15

Add 3 Railroad lines

connecting your
factories and coal
mines
[the railroad should be
near at least 15 factories]
Add any IRON bridges
you need
 Round 16
[1785-1810]

Social & Urban Changes

Wages are higher in town than in the countryside. More
people move to the city to find work & support their family
since they no longer get the additional income from cottage
industry.
Workers find employment in coal mines, factories and in
construction of homes, tenements & railroad lines.
ADD:
5 stores 10 tenements [#26-35]
5 houses [#51-55] 2 cemeteries
5 pubs 1 church
3 schools
 Round 17
About 50,000 people now reside in your
town or perhaps city is a better word. Soon
there is a surplus of workers. Capitalists,
wanting to maximize their profits, hire children
and women before men because they
perform the same work at 1/2 to 1/4 the wage
of men. The children find themselves doing
factory work and worse, working in coal
mines where small size is an advantage.
ERASE 1 SCHOOL
 Round 18
As a result of this chronic male
unemployment, the crime rate begins to
soar. Family life is completely
disrupted. Alcoholism reaches
epidemic proportions.
Add 4 pubs
Add 2 jails
 Round 19
The Working condition in the factories
[whether textile or iron] are appalling. Many
workers contract the deadly factory fever or
white lung disease. Others injure or
mutilate their bodies in factory accidents.
Machines contain no safety devices.
Children, weakened from lack of sleep and
proper diet succumb more quickly.
Capitalists are relatively indifferent as there is
such a large labor force available for
employment that will replace those who
cannot work.
Add 2 CEMETERIES
Add 2 HOSPITALS
 Round 20
Meanwhile, the need for better Rail Road
transportation continues. Coal, iron and other
raw materials need to be moved to the
factories. The finished products from the
factory need to be moved to the sea ports
and overseas to foreign markets.
Add 2 RAILROAD LINES
More workers are needed to build the Rail
Road, work in the coal mines and toil in the
factories; and come they do to your
town/city.
Add 5 TENEMENTS 1 CHURCH
5 STORES 3 JAILS
 1830
There are no pollution controls, so the air in
your city is black. At noon, the sun doesnt
cast a shadow, smog turns day into night.
The water is completely unfit for drinking and
bathing. Many citizens, even those who do
not work in the factories, develop lung cancer
and other fatal diseases which are associated
with intense stress. People are lucky if they
reach 40 years of age. Your city is
overcrowded and shrouded in factory smoke.
The loss of privacy and clean air troubled
many. Suicide rates begin to double. The
stress of urban work becomes unbearable for
many.
 Round 21
Add 1 HOSPITAL
Add 1 JAIL
Add 3 CEMETERIES
 Conclusion
1. On the back of your paper, write a NAME for your
city.
2. What important ideas/concepts have you learned
from this game?
3. How was the city developed?
4. What pushed people into the city?
5. What pulled people into the city?
6. Who got the wealth? From where?
7. If you could control the development of a future
town that would industrialize, what laws would you
put into place to make the city a better place to
live?
8. Create a legend, compass, and scale on the back
5 points for accurate, completed map, 10 for
completed questions above
DUE: