Dr.

Emmanuel Abara FRCS(C) FACS FICS

Richmond Hill Urology Practice & Prostate Institute (RHUPPI)
Northern Ontario School of Medicine (NOSM)
Conflict Disclosure Information:

Presenter: Emmanuel O. Abara MB FRCSC.FACS.FICS

Title of Presentation: Interesting Case! Should we report

it?: How to Write a Case Report 101

I have no financial or personal relationships to disclose

 Determine what types of cases are worth
reporting and why
Understand how to structure a Case Report
Learn what audience to reach and what
journals to publish in
Understand the Ethics of Publishing
 Physicians in active clinical practice
Faculty seeking to review their knowledge on
Case Report publishing
Fellows
Residents
Research Assistants
Learners
 Case report is like story telling in medicine
Should be clear, short and useful for its
purpose
Is the written form of the verbal presentation
of a case history
Case reports are the lowest cadre in the world
of evidence-based medicine
Can be powerful and instructional
We need to understand the reasons for the
intent to publish

To assist in structure of the article

To help target the journal and audience
To include in an introductory Letter to the
Editor
 Very rare disease
Association of diseases
Rare presentations of more common diseases
Outcome of a novel treatment
Reporting a particular outcome of a case
management
Mistakes, complications and lessons learned
A new disease entity
 Select a number of journals
Review the various formats of the journals
Make a decision which format may fit your
Case Report best, e.g.: Lesson of the Year or
Photo Quiz
Review published case reports in the journal
of choice
Follow the guidelines and instructions
precisely, especially regarding word count,
figures and tables
 Abstract
Introduction
The Case Report
Discussion
Conclusion; Lessons Learned
References
Acknowledgement
 Abstract: Brief summary (not required by all
journals)
Introduction: Background information and
why the case is being reported
Case Report
History
Presenting features
Past Medical History
Social and Family History
Drug History
Physical Examination
Investigations
Differential Diagnosis
Treatment
Outcome
 Anonymise the patient(s) as much as possible
Avoid names and initials
Omit non-essential personal details
Table of results can be helpful
Photos of clinical signs and diagnostic studies
are invaluable
 Clarify key issues
Refer to other cases in the literature
A short review of the literature is appropriate
Include the methodology used for literature
search
Message or lesson(s) learned
 Get advice early!
Especially regarding: Key Message and Reason for
the Case Report
Get others not involved in the management
of the case to proofread the article and
consider their comments carefully
 Consent
Consider privacy laws
Duty of confidentiality persists even if the
patient has died, e.g.: Role of Next-of-Kin
Deliver a copy of published paper to the
patient or relative
 Publication should be in the public interest
Every effort to contact patient or next-of-kin
should have failed
Every effort to anonymise the case report
should be made
Average person unlikely to withhold consent
 Consider assent to publish from other
clinicians involved in the care of the patient
Authors included need to have intellectual
input
Avoid a soccer team of authors
Many journals may limit the number of
authors
Letters and consent from various named co-
authors may be required
 Have all the consents and assents to publish
Follow all the instructions and guidelines of
the journal webpage
Write and include a cover letter to the editor
A Case Report may be the
beginning of a glorious and
successful career in
medical writing!