Introduction To Internet

• What is the Internet?

1. The internet in simple terms is a network of the
interlinked computer networking worldwide,
which is accessible to the general public. These
interconnected computers work by transmitting
data through a special type of packet switching
which is known as the IP or the internet
protocol.
 History of INTERNET
• ARPANET was the network that became the basis
for the Internet. Based on a concept first
published in 1967, ARPANET was developed
under the direction of the U.S. Advanced
Research Projects Agency (ARPA).
• In 1969, the idea became a modest reality with
the interconnection of four university computers.
The initial purpose was to communicate with and
share computer resources among mainly
scientific users at the connected institutions.
 Some Basic Internet Definition
• ARPANet - The precursor to the Internet.
• ASCII - American Standard Code for Information
Interchange. The de facto world wide standard
code for alphanumeric characters.
• Blacklist - Describes inappropriate advertisers on
Usenet newsgroups and via junk E-mail.
• Browser - A program that is specifically used to look
at various WWW resources.
• Client - Any computer that makes use of services
available from other computers.
 Some Basic Internet Definition
• Domain Name - A unique name that identifies an
Internet site. The name always has two or more
parts separated by a dot. The last part of the
name identifies the site ( i.e. gov for government,
edu for education, com for commercial, or net for
network). An electronic street address.
• E-mail - Messages, usually text, sent from one
person to another via a computer.
• Fire Wall - A combination of hardware and
software that separates a LAN into two or more
parts for security purposes.
 Some Basic Internet Definition
• Host - A computer or software package which provides
a specific kind of service to other computers. One that
is seen by other computers on the Internet.
LAN - Local Area Network. Several computers located in
the same physical location which are connected
together in order to share information and services.
• Modem - A device that allows a computer to use a
phone line to communicate with another computer.
• Protocol - The rules of conduct which enables a
computer to communicate with another computer.
PPP - A protocol that allows a computer to use a
telephone line and a modem to make TCP/IP
connections.
 Some Basic Internet Definition
• Server - Any computer that makes services
available to other computers.
• TCP/IP - Transmission Control
Protocol/Internet Protocol. This is the protocol
which defines the Internet.
• URL - Uniform Resource Locator. A unique
name that identifies an Internet site.
• WWW - World Wide Web. The universe of
hypertext servers.
 What is the difference between the
World Wide Web and the Internet?
• The World Wide Web (The Web) is only a portion of
what makes up the internet, but it is the fastest
growing part of the internet. The Web lets people,
organizations and companies publish information for
other people to see. This makes the Web a very useful
tool for finding information on just about any topic.
• The Web is a large number of computer documents or
"Web pages" that are stored on computers around the
world and are connected to one another using
hyperlinks. These Web pages can be seen by anyone
through their computer's "Web Browser," which is the
program you are using now.
 Cont.
• A group of Web pages that follow the same
theme and are connected together with
hyperlinks is called a "Web site." Web sites
and Web pages are written in a coding
language that makes it possible to add
pictures, sound and interactivity to plain old
text, making people's reading experience
more exciting.
 Web Browsers
• Web browsers are programs used to explore
the Internet. There are many Web browser
programs available including Netscape
Navigator, Internet Explorer and Opera.
Internet Explorer is the Internet browser made
by Microsoft and comes with Windows
operating system.
 Search Engine
• A Web Search Engine is designed to search for
information on the World Wide Web.
• The search results are generally presented in a
line of results often referred to as search
engine results pages (SERPs).
• The information may be a specialist in web
pages, images, information and other types of
files.
 Search Engines
• Google
– is the most popular search engine in the world, and a
multinational, publicly-traded organization built
around the company's hugely popular search engine.
– User can search for any information by writing what
he is looking for in the search text box.
– Google can view the searched information as a web
pages, pictures and there is a part for Maps, YouTube,
and news.
– Google have it’s own E-Mail Application called
“Gmail”.
 E-Mail
• Email, sometimes written as e-mail, is simply
the shortened form of “electronic mail,” a
system for receiving, sending, and storing
electronic messages.
• It has gained nearly universal popularity
around the world with the spread of the
Internet. In many cases, email has become the
preferred method for both personal and
business communication