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The Measures of Central Tendency: Ms. Antonette C. Torreda Mps-Department
The Measures of Central Tendency: Ms. Antonette C. Torreda Mps-Department
Tendency
MS. ANTONETTE C. TORREDA
MPS-DEPARTMENT
The Measures of Central Tendency
1. Mean
• Ungrouped
• Grouped
2. Median
• Ungrouped
• Grouped
3. Mode
• Ungrouped
• Grouped
MEAN FOR UNGROUPED DATA
• The sum of the values divided by the number
of values--often called the "average."
• Add all of the values together.
• Divide by the number of values to obtain the
mean.
• Example: The mean of 7, 12, 24, 20, 19 is
• (7 + 12 + 24 + 20 + 19) / 5 = 16.4
Arithmetic Mean
X
∑ Xi
n
3.
4. A savings and loan association makes
one car loan of P5000 at 10.5% interest,
a second car loan of P6300 at 10.8%
interest, and a third car loan of P4500 at
11% interest. What is the average
percentage return to the savings and
loan association for these three loans?
MEDIAN FOR UNGROUPED DATA
MEDIAN
The value which divides the values into two
equal halves, with half of the values being lower
than the median and half higher than the
median.
The middlemost value in the list of items
arranged in increasing or decreasing order.
Properties of Median:
It is the value midway between the highest and
the lowest value in a rank order distribution.
It is the point that divides the distribution into
two equal parts.
To find the median:
1. Sort the values into ascending order.
2. If you have an odd number of values, the
median is the middle value.
3. If you have an even number of values, the
median is the arithmetic mean of the two
middle values.
Example: A. 7, 12, 24, 20, 19
B. 12, 23, 18, 15, 24, 30
MODE
MODE
the most frequently-occurring value (or values).
the value that appears most often.
GRADES f
70 – 74 3
75 – 79 5
80 – 84 12
85 – 89 8
90 – 94 2
n=30
Method B
fd
x x' i
n
Where:
x - Mean
x '- Assumed Mean or Guessed Mean
f – frequency
d – unit coded deviation from the x'
i – interval size
n – total number of observations
Method C
x x'
fd
n
Where:
x - Mean
x ' - Assumed Mean or Guessed Mean
f – frequency
d – deviation of the x ' from each x of
the classes (x - x ')
n – total number of observations
MEDIAN
Median Class – is the class interval containing the
median. [n/2]
n cf
Mdn Lm 2 i
fm
where:
mdn – median
n
- median class location/position
2
Lm - lower boundary of the median class
23 30 20 27 44 26 35 20 29 29
25 15 18 27 19 22 12 26 34 15
27 35 26 43 35 14 24 12 23 31
40 35 38 57 22 42 24 21 27 33
Construct the following:
1. Frequency Distribution Table using 6 classes.
2. Solve for the ff.:
a. Mean (using the 3 methods)
b. Median
c. Mode
Assignment:
Below shows the amount of calcium (in millilitres)
for a variety of fresh milk ready for distribution.
23 30 20 27 44 26 35 20 29 29
25 15 18 27 19 22 12 26 34 15
27 35 26 43 35 14 24 12 23 31
40 35 38 57 22 42 24 21 27 33
Construct the following:
1. Frequency Distribution Table using 6 classes.
2. Frequency polygon
3. Frequency Histogram
4. Ogive Curve
5. Pie Chart
CALCIUM Class
(ml) f X boundaries rf % Cf< Cf>
72, 74, 75, 77, 78, 79, 82, 85, 86, 90, 93, 94
n cf
D1 LD1 10 i
fD
1
n cf
P1 LP1 100 i
fP1
Assignment: 1whole short bond paper
A. A teacher gives a 20-point test to 10 students, whose scores are
shown below:
12, 14, 10, 19, 8, 11, 9, 18, 7, 20
Solve for the following:
1. QUARTILE 1 2. Quartile 3 3. DECILE 7 4. PERCENTILE 76
Class f
Interval
B. Solve for the following: (show the
53 - 57 1
table with necessary data column)
48 - 52 2
1. Q1
43 - 47 6
2. Q3
38 - 42 10
3. D3
4. D8 33 - 37 14
5. P70 28 - 32 13
6. P90 23 - 27 7
18 - 22 5
n = 58
Answers:
A. 1. Mean = 12.8 Q3 = 18.25
2. Mdn = 11.5 P20 = 18.25
3. none
4. Q1 = 8.75 8. P76 = 18.36
5. D7 = 16.8 7. MAD = 4.4
6. s2 = 22.4 s = 4.73
9. MAD = 4.4
10. QD = 4.75
Answers:
48 - 52 2 50 100 6 12 72 57 31.72
28 - 32 13 30 390 2 26 52 25 53.82
23 - 27 7 25 175 1 7 7 12 63.98
18 - 22 5 20 100 0 0 0 5 70.7
N = 58 1980
Long Quiz 2:
A. A teacher gives a 20-point test to 10 students, whose
scores are shown below:
12, 14, 10, 19, 8, 11, 9, 18, 7, 20
Solve for the following:
26 – 31 6 28.5 171
32 – 37 9 34.5 310.5
38 – 43 6 40.5 243
44 - 49 5 46.5 232.5
N = 30 1980