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5.7 Form (Eddie-Making) Resistance: Resistance Coefficient of A Ship (Or A Model) Is The Same As That
5.7 Form (Eddie-Making) Resistance: Resistance Coefficient of A Ship (Or A Model) Is The Same As That
V R V w V s
AL - Longitudinal projected area.
AT - Transverse projected area.
pa
& are
pb
determined based
on the figures at
the right.
A special case
(head wind)
0, 0,
F R
0.0068kV 2 AT
5.9 Appendage Resistance
Usually, the model resistance test gives the resistance of the
“naked” hull (without appendages). Appendages, such as bilge
keels, rudder and bossings (open shafts and struts), will result in
additional resistance, aka appendage resistance.
It is usually added to the “naked” hull resistance, about 10 –
15% of the latter as listed in the following table.
1. Appendage resistance of a multiple-screw (propeller) ship is
larger that that of a single-screw ship.
2. The upper limit for V/(L0.5)= 0.7 seems to be higher.
Ship type Speed/length ratio
0.70 1.0 1.6
Large fast quadruple-screw ships 10-16% 10-16%
Small fast twin-screw ships 20-30% 17-15% 10-15%
Small medium V twin-screw ships 12-30% 10-23%
Large medium V twin-screw ships 8-14% 8-14%
All single-screw ships 2-5% 2-5%
5.10 Computing the naked ‘hull’ resistance
according to its model test results
The model resistance test follows the Froude # similarity.
VS RTm
1. Let m Ls / Lm , thus Vm , & measure RTm CTm 1
m 2 S V
m m
2
Vm Lm
2. Based on Re m , computing CFm using a friction formula
m
for a flat plate;
3. Computing the residual resistance coeff. CRm CTm CFm ;
4. FN s FN m , VS mVm , Based on the Froude assumption,
CRS CRm ;
VS LS
5. Based on Re S , (if S = m , then Re S =m1.5 Re m ),
S
computing CFS using a friction formula for a flat plate;
6. at Vs mVm , CT s C f s CR s C f s CT m C f m ;
7. The 'naked' hull resistance, RTS 12 S S SVS2CTS ;
8. Total resistance at Vs mVm , RT' RTS Rwind Rappendix ;
9. Effective power, E RT' VS .
V 4 V
2
RT 1000
K 1 , C
.
4 K 2
1
g
1
g
2 6 6
K Fr 4 1
4 6 gL
1 1
3
1
g 2 6
V RT EHP
K 0.5834 1 , C 2 2936 3 427.1
6
V 3 2
V 2 3
V
CB A B where A & B are constant.
L
Alexander formula (similar to the above)
V
2 1.08 CB , V is trial speed
LPP
V
2 1.06 CB , V is service speed
LPP
Troast formula
Vsus
1.85 CP , Vsus is the sustained sea speed.
LPP
• Series Experiments
A series of models is a set of models in which the principal
characteristics are changed in a systematic manner. The
purposes of having resistance test of a series of models are:
About 200 ships, their model test results were obtained in various
towing tanks and all types of ships were included, which is
different from the Series Experiment.
The sheet gives: 1.) all principal form coeff.,
2.) basic model data
3.) results are presented in
V RR
C vs. K or vs.
L
Estimation of EHP from Series Resistance Results