A GUIDE LEADING TO

CLINICAL REASONING

dr . Achmad Chusnul
Chuluq Ar. MPH
Illness
Illness and disease

Headache

Primary hypertension Migrain

Renal Visual
Diseases

disorders abnormalities Abdominal

disorders

Head tumor, etc

 Diagnosis Treatment
Process process

Complaint Diagnosis Treatment

Clinical Process
CLINICAL
APPROACH
Putu Moda Arsana,2006
Three Steps
of Diagnosis Process
1. Data collection
2. Data synthesis
3. Problem identification
• History taking
• Physical examination
• Additional examination (Laboratory
testing, X-ray, etc )
 Diagnosis Criteria
( Peptic Ulcer )

HEADACHE + DATA Diagnosis Criteria

( Migrain )

Chief Diagnosis Diagnosis Criteria

Complaint Process (Chronic Renal Failure)
SCIENTEFIC PROBLEM SOLVING APPROACH (SPSA)
-) THE CYCLE

Problem
Identification
Community Dx

Intervention
Evaluation
Plan Of Action
 DIAGNOSA HOLISTIK KOMPREHENSIF
• HOLISTIK: • K OMPREHENSIF –
1. ASPEK PERSONEL – temuan-temuan lain
Persepsi, Kekhawatiran, selain yang menjadi
Harapannya ? keluhan utama (Need &
2. ASPEK KLINIS – S & S Demand of Clien) –
3. ASPEK RESIKO untuk kepentingan
INTERNAL Pengobatan atau
4. ASPEK RESIKO Intervensi – Promotif,
EKTERNAL
Preventif, Kuratif,
5. DERAJAT FUNGSIONAL
Rehabilitatif