Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Computerised FDA
Demonstration
To guide treatment
Intelligibility section:
Aim: To address
theoretical and
practical issues
identified in reviews of
the first edition
Improvements 1
Omitted items that have been found to be
unreliable or redundant to the purposes of
diagnosis and treatment
Inter and intra rater reliability were calculated using intra class
correlation coefficients
Inter and intra judge reliability
Judge 1 2 3 4 5 6
1 0.76
2 0.77 0.92
3 0.56 0.65 0.72
4 0.67 0.60 0.51 -
5 0.38 0.52 0.49 0.79 0.73
6 0.66 0.72 0.70 0.49 0.56 0.76
Criteria for interpretation of reliability coefficients for ordinal measures (Landis & Koch,
1977):
<0 = poor, 0.01-0.20 = slight, 0.21-0.40 = fair,
0.41-0.60 = moderate (mod), 0.61-0.80 = substantial (sub)
0.81 – 1 = almost perfect (per)
Improvements 3
In speech tests
Lips in speech:
‘Mary brought me a piece of maple syrup pie’
Tongue in speech:
‘Kenneth’s dog took ten tiny ducks today’
Improvements 4
Intelligibility testing
Only in English!
Computerised FDA
Demonstration
Planned additions to CFDA
Automation of intelligibility testing – modelling the naiive listener
Multiple Speech
Samples from
multiple
speakers
Goodness of fit
Once trained, an HMM word model can be
used to estimate the likelihood that a given
speech sound could have actually been
produced by that word model.
hesitation time;
speech rate
a phoneme-by-phoneme comparison of
what the speaker intended to say and what
the listener actually heard.
Calculating Phonetic Convergence
Phoneme comparison of intended and perceived message: “You have to pay”
(for a mildly dysarthric speaker)
/j/ /u:/ /h/ /æ/ /v/ /t/ /u:/ /p/ /e/
Intended
Heard /j/ /u:/ /h/ /æ/ /v/ /d/ /u:/ /b/ /aι/
Convergence 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0
Word Level
Deletion -1
Overall
Convergence 5 out of a possible 9 = 0.56 (56%)
Phonetic convergence Hesitation
1 1
0.9 0
0.8
-1
0.6 -2
0.5 -3
0.4 -4
0.3
-5
0.2
0.1 -6
0 -7
L
1
Mild, Moderate,
L
5
L1
0
Severe
Listene
L1
5
L2
0
L Mild, Moderate,
L L10 Severe
Listener
L15 L20
1 5
DS1 Isolated Words DS1 Sentences rs DS2 Isolated Words DS1 Isolated Words DS1 Sentences s DS2 Isolated Words
DS2 Sentences DS3 Isolated Words DS3 Sentences DS2 Sentences DS3 Isolated Words DS3 Sentences
Speech rate
1
Speech rate’s correlation with
0.5
0 intelligibility is not as good as
Speech Rate (Rel. to Norm)
-0.5
hesitation time or phonetic
-1
-1.5 convergence, so we derive a
-2 Perceptual Intelligibility
-2.5
-3 Index (PII) based on the
-3.5 Phonetic Convergence score
-4
Mild, Moderate, Severe weighted by a hesitation time
DS1 Isolated Words
DS2 Sentences
DS1 Sentences
DS3 Isolated Words
DS2 Isolated Words
DS3 Sentences
coefficient
How well do automated GOF scores
correlate with Perceptual intelligibility index?
Speaker Phon. Hesitation Sentence PII Avg. GOF Score
Convergence Time Score
coefficient
Mild
0.95 0.91 0.86 -34
Moderate
0.27 0.15 0.11 -61
Severe
0.20 0.19 0.04 -85