WHAT IS NERVOUS SYSTEM?

A communication network within

the human body.
Allows to gather information about
our internal and external environment,
process, and interpret the information,
and respond.
FUNCTION OF THE NERVOUS
SYSTEM ?
Control the body’s internal environment
to maintain “HOMEOSTASIS”
Programming of spinal cord and
reflexes
Voluntary control of movement
Memory and learning
WHAT IS PHERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?
WHAT IS THE FUNCTION OF THE
PERIPHERAL NERVOUS SYSTEM?
 Provide a connection for the nervous system to
activate different bodily organs such as muscles
(Motor Information)
Relay information from the bodily organs back to
the brain , providing a constant update of the
relation between the body and the environment
(Sensory Motor)
Peripheral Nervous System
Contains 12 Cranial Nerves and 31
pairs of Spinal Nerves ( that branch
out from the Brain and Spinal Cord,
respectively) as well as all sensory
receptors.
Peripheral Nervous System includes the
following :
12 Cranial Nerves
 Arise from various location on the brain with
the exception of the first pair which begins
within the cerebrum
 Associated with the special senses such as
smell and vision.
THE 12 CRANIAL NERVES
1. Olfactory Nerves
Which is associated with the sense of smell.
2. Optic Nerves
Lead from the eyes to the brain.
 Associated with the sense of vision.
3. Oculomotor Nerves
Arise from the midbrain and pass into the orbits of the eye.
4. Trochlear Nerves
 Arethe smallest cranial nerves
Arise from the midbrain and carry motor impulses from to the eye muscles.
5. Trigeminal Nerves
Are the largest of the cranial nerves and arise from the pons
6. Abducens Nerves
Are quite small, and originated from the pons near the medulla oblongata.
7. Facial Nerves
 Arise from the lower side of the pons and emerge on the side of the face
 Use for facial expression
8. Vestibulocochlear Nerves
 Sensory nerves that arise from the medulla oblongata
9. Glossopharyngeal Nerves
 Associated with the tongue and pharynx
 Arise from the medulla oblongata
10. Vagus Nerves
 Originated in the medulla oblongata and extend downward through the neck into the chest and abdomen.
11. Accessory Nerves
 Originate in the medulla oblongata and spinal cord; thus they have both cranial and spinal branches.
12. Hypoglossal Nerves
 Arise from the medulla oblongata and pass into the tongue.
31 pairs of Spinal Nerves
Originated from the Spinal Cord
Supply all parts of the body except the head
and some areas of the neck
They are grouped according to the level
according to the level from which they are
arise.
THE PAIRS OF SPINAL NERVES
Eight pairs of Cervical Nerves
Twelve pairs of Thoracic Nerves
Five pairs of Lumbar Nerves
Five pairs of Sacral Nerves
One pair of Coccygeal Nerves
Peripheral Nervous System can be also subdivided in
the following:
Somatic Nervous System
Consist of the cranial and spinal nerve fibers that connect the
Central Nervous System to the skin, and skeletal muscles so it
involves Conscious Activities
Voluntary control of movements
Automatic Nervous System
Fibers that connects t the Central Nervous System to Visceral
Organs such as Heart, Stomach, Intestines, and Various glands.
Unconscious Movement.
Involuntary movements