9.

3 The Importance of Proper

Management of Development
Activities and Ecosystem

Group members :
Nurin Elani
Nur Syafeeqah
Siti Nuramalina
Anis Wahidah
 The need for development and the effect of an increasing
population on the ecosystem

• As the population of the world increase, the needs of this population also
increase.
• The drive for development and the attempt to raise the standard of living
have led to economic activities and development projects.
• These activities and development projects have led to frequent human
interference with the balance of nature. This leads to a population of the
environment.
• The negative effect of hasty, unplanned and unmanaged development are
various environmental problems.
• These environmental problems threaten our health, the management of
resources and the ecosystem.
• In order to reduce the negative effects of development, every economic
activity of development project must be balanced by efforts to manage the
environment in a sustainable manner.
 The importance of proper management of development
activities

• One way to balance the demands and needs for resources with the need to
conserve the resources is to carry out sustainable development.
• Sustainable development depends largely on the rate at which renewable
resources are used.
• The goal in sustainable development is to exploit natural resources in a
sustainable way, so that over time, these resources can be replenished and
renewed for future generations to continue to use them.
• For example, forest must be managed properly as they have vital
environment functions and enormous economic potential which can be
tapped. Sustainable development means that timber can continue to be
harvested while the biodiversity of rainforests is protected.
 Measures taken in the management of development
activities

Implementation of laws

• Many laws and regulations are designed to control pollution which affects
the quality of land air and water.
a) The Environmental Quality Act, 1974, 1989
- This is the principle legislation that regulates the governs the prevention and
control of pollution as well as the enhancement of environment.
b) The National Forestry Act, 1984
- This act aim to protect and preserve the forests and wild life of the country.
c) The Pesticides Act, 1974
- This act controls the use of pesticides.
d) The Fisheries Act, 1985
- This act controls marine pollution.
e) The Protection of Wildlife Act, 1972
Use of technology

• Install catalytic converters in the vehicles to clean up exhaust emissions and

convert the harmful gases released during the combustion of fossil fuels to
less harmful products.
• Use unleaded petrol to reduce the emission of lead into the environment.
• Treat sewage in sewage treatment plants before it is discharged to reduce
water pollution.
• Treat toxic waste from factories before it is discharge into the environment.
• Use microorganisms to clean up the environment. For example, certain
bacteria are used to break don oil spills at sea.
Education on the management of resources

• The public must be educated on the concept of the 4Rs. The 4Rs stands for
recycle, reuse, reduce and recover.
• Recycling means collecting and segregating waste according to the types
of materials and turning this waste into new products.
• Reuse means use things such as old plastic containers and bottles again
for other proposes instead of throwing tem away.
• Reduce means cutting down on the use of materials. For example, the use
of plastic bags which is non-biodegradable should be reduce. Instead, use
paper bags which are bio-degradable and environment friendly.
• Recover means to harness heat energy from the burning of materials or
refuse in factories or incineration plants. This heat energy can be used to
generate electricity.
Preservation and conservation

• Preservation involves efforts to protect an ecosystem so that natural

resources are utilised in a sustainable manner and that the equilibrium of
the ecosystem is maintained.
• Conservation involves efforts to return an affected ecosystem to its natural
equilibrium.
• Sustainable agricultural development is the effective us and preservation of
soil to ensure continuous agricultural production.
• Clean water is a precious resource and commodity. As such, water
sources and water catchment areas must be preserved.
• Rain forest play an important role in the regulation of microclimate and the
concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide.
The use of renewable energy

• Renewable energy is energy flow that occurs naturally in the environment

and can be harnessed for the benefits humans.
• Renewable energy is inexhaustible and does not pollute the environment.
• Examples for renewable energy are:
- solar energy which can be converted into electricity and used in heating.
- wind energy which is used to operate windmills to pump water for the
irrigation of crops.
- wave energy ; the upward and downward motion of waves is harnessed to
generate energy.
The efficient use of energy

• Reduce the burning of coal, petroleum and other fossil fuels.

• Substitute natural gas for coal at power plants.
• Improve fuel efficiency in vehicles-use cars that run on energy-efficient
engines.
• Use a cleaner fuel by reducing the content of sulphur in diesel and switching
to gas.
• Improve energy efficiency in factories.
• Use more hybrid cars which combine electric and gasoline engines.
THE END