MATRIKS ialah nombor yang disusun dalam BARIS dan

LAJUR dan lazimnya ditulis dalam tanda kurungan.

 Example:

Baris pertama 2 3 9

Baris kedua 7 1 4

Lajur 1 Lajur 2 Lajur 3

 PERINGKAT MATRIKS

2 3 9

7 1 4
2x3

Matriks ini mempunyai 2 baris dan 3 lajur,

maka PERINGKAT MATRIKS ialah 2 x 3 (dua dengan tiga).
PERINGKAT MATRIKS

2 3 9 -2 6

7 1 4 7 -1
2x3 2x2

2 3
3
7 1
-8
5 -4
2x1 3x2
 2 3 9
A=
7 1 4

Unsur 4
Unsur 2 Kedudukannya ialah a23
Kedudukannya ialah a11
 MATRIKS SAMA

2 -3 9 2 -3 9
A= B=
7 1 -4 7 1 -4

2 7
C= -3 1 Matrix A = Matrix B
9 -4 Matrix A ≠ Matrix C

Matriks sama ialah matriks yang mempunyai PERINGKAT YANG SAMA

dan UNSUR nya pun sama.
PENAMBAHAN DAN PENOLAKAN MATRIKS

Matriks yang mempunyai PERINGKAT yang sama sahaja boleh

dilakukan operasi PENAMBAHAN atau PENOLAKAN..

Example 1:

2 4 -5 -1 4 -2
P= Q=
-4 4 2 4 7 9

P+Q= 1 8 -7 3 0 -3
P-Q=
0 11 11 -8 -3 -7
PENDARABAN MATRIKS DENGAN SUATU NOMBOR.

When a matrix A is multiplied by a number k, its means that each

element in matrix A is multiplied by k.

Example 1: Diberi matriks

Try this:
2 4 -5 Diberi matriks
P=
-4 4 2
1   x   4 
2 4 -5 2      4 
3P= 3   3  5   y 
-4 4 2
6 12 -15
= Cari x dan y.
-12 12 6
PENDARABAN DUA MATRIKS

Two matrices can only be multiplied when the number of rows in the
right matrix is the same as the number of column in the left matrix.

Example:

Kiri Kanan

2 1 1 1 3
X =
4 6 5 2 0

2 x 3
2 x 2 2 x 3
Hasil peringkat matriks
Setelah di darab
sama
 HASIL DARAB DUA MATRIKS

Now… you already know whether matrix multiplication is possible or not.

If the two matrices can be multiplied….you will
learn how to find the product .
Example 1:

 2  1 2  (2 x 2) + (-1 x 4)
0
   =
(1 x 2) + (3 x 4)
=  
 1 3  4  14 
2x2 2x1 2 x 1
HASIL DARAB DUA MATRIKS

Example 2:

3 0
4 1  = (4 x 3) + (1 x 1) (4 x 0) + (1 x 2)
1 2
1 x 2

=
13 2
HASIL DARAB DUA MATRIKS

Example 3:

 2 1  1  3 
  
  1 0  2 3 
HASIL DARAB DUA MATRIKS

Example 4:

 2 1  1  3 
  
  1 0  2 3  1 -3

2 3

2 1 (2x1)+ (2x-3)+
(1x2) (1x3)
-1 0 (-1x1)+ (-1x-3)+
(0x2) (0x3)

 4  3
=  
 1 3 
 MATRIKS IDENTITI

1 0 1 0 0
Matrices, and 0 1 0 That are of order 2 x 2
0 1 0 0 1

and order 3 x 3 respectively, are known as unit matrices or identity matrices.

An identity matrix is denoted by I.

An identity matrix has the following characteristic,

-It is a square matrix.

-All the elements in the leading diagonal are 1.
-All other elements are 0.
 MATRIKS IDENTITI
Check this………

Given A= 3 4 and B= 1 0 , find the product of AB.

-2 1 0 1

Solution:

3 4 1 0 (3x1)+(4x0) (3x0)+(4x1)
=
-2 1 0 1 (-2x1)+(1x0) (-2x0)+(1x1)

= 3 4

-2 1

When we multiply any matrix

with identity matrix,we get
that matrix back. AI=A
 INVERSE MATRICES
Check this………

If we are given a matrix 2 x 2, we can find the inverse of that matrix.

To find the inverse, use this formula…….

a b 
 
c d 
a b  1  d  b
InverseMatrix     
 c d  ad  bc   c a 

determinant
Inverse of matrix, for example matrix A is denoted by A-1
 1  d  b
 
INVERSE MATRICES ad  bc   c a 

Check this………
Example: Find the inverse matrix for

3 -2
A=
5 -4

Solution:

3 -2 b 1   4 2
a A-1   
5 -4
3(4)  (2)5   5 3 
d
c 1   4 2
  
 2   5 3
2 1 
A-1 5 3
 
2 2 
INVERSE MATRICES

Now you already know how to find

the inverse of a matrix …..

Ok….now check this…

INVERSE MATRICES

Find the product for this…

3 -2 2 -1
A= B=
5 -4 5 -3
2 2

1 0
AB =  
0 1

if the matrix…. multiply with its inverse……

we get the identity matrix. AA-1=I
INVERSE MATRICES

I want to ask you

a question.
Is it all the matrix have
an inverse ?
INVERSE MATRICES

How about this

matrix ?  4 6 
 
  2  3

If the value of DETERMINANT is 0,

We can say… that matrix does not have an inverse…
Solve the following simultaneous linear equations
using the matrix method.

2x - 5y = -17
x + 3y = 8

2 -5 x = -17 Write the simultaneous linear

1 3 y 8 equations in a matrix form.
 Solve the following simultaneous linear equations
using the matrix method.

2x - 5y = -17
x + 3y = 8

A
2 -5 x -17
A-1 1 3 y
=
A-1 8
Multiply both side with an
Inverse matrix.
 Solve the following simultaneous linear equations
using the matrix method.

2x - 5y = -17
x + 3y = 8

A
2 -5 x -17
A-1 1 3 y
=
A-1 8
Multiply both side with an
Inverse matrix.

x -17
I y = A-1 8
 2  5
 
1 3 

Solve the following simultaneous linear equations 1  3 5

  
2(3)  ( 5)1   1 2 
using the matrix method.
1  3 5
  
11   1 2 
2x - 5y = -17  3

5

x + 3y = 8 A-1   11
  1
11 
2

 11 11 

x
I y = A-1
-17
Ok…now check your previous
8
knowledge………

 3 5
x =

 11 11 
 -17
y   1 2  8
 11 11 

x -1
=
y 3
Answer: x = -1, y = 3