Presented By:

Antra Singh
 Non -Verbal Communication is the message or response
not expressed or sent in words -hints, suggestions and
indications.
 NVC is the unspoken communication that goes on in
every Face-to-Face encounter with another human being.
 It is recognized as the route to discover what the other side
wants, without them ever saying it, like a secret way into
their soul.
 NVC stands for the innermost, instinctual form of human
communication.
 Communication researcher Mehrabian
found that only 7% of a message’s effect
are carried by words ; listeners receive
the other 93% through non -verbal means.
 Birdwhistell suggested that spoken words
account for not more than 30-35% of all
our social interactions.
 Over 65 percent of the social meaning of
the messages we send to others are
communicated non-verbally.
 Conscious Non-verbal Communication
 Subliminal Non-verbal Communication
(communicated to sub conscious mind)
 Voluntary Non-verbal Communication (planned
physical response)
 Involuntary Non-verbal Communication
(unplanned physical response)
 To create impressions
 To manage interactions
 Expressing emotions
 To send relational messages (conveying affection,
power, respect, dominance, etc)
 To convey deception
 To send messages of power and persuasion
Kinesics Facial expressions
Oculesics Eye contact
Haptics Communication of touch
Proxemics Communication of space and proximity
Appearance and Physical characteristics, attire and
Artifacts accessories
Paralinguistics/ Variation in pitch, speed, volume and
Vocalics pauses that convey meaning
Chronemics Effects of time on communication
 It is the articulation of the body or the movement resulting
from muscular and skeletal shift
 Kinesics acts may substitute language, accompany it or
modify it
 It is informative and directive in nature
 It comprises of the following:

 Facial Expression
 Posture
 Gesture
 Facial Expressions
 It is used to aid or inhibit other people’s communication, to
complement your own and to replace spoken messages
 There are five basic physical descriptions of facial expressions
viz.:
 Neutral – pleasure, mask, respect, thoughtful and quiet attention
 Relaxed – love, pleasure and submission
 Tensed – fear, surprise, determination, contempt and extreme interest
 Uplifted – happiness, anxiety, rage, love, astonishment and attention
 Droopy – distress, suffering, grief, dismay and shock
 It also provides information about a communicator’s thought
process
 It also serves as a source of positive or negative feedback from
the receiver
 Posture
 Slumped posture – low spirits
 Erect posture – high spirits, energy and confidence
 Lean forward – open and interested
 Lean away – defensive or disinterested
 Crossed arms – defensive
 Uncrossed arms – willingness to listen
 Gesture
 Ambiguous or Unambiguous gesture
 Unnatural gesture
 Beneficial gesture
 Conscious gesture
 Spontaneous gesture (Iconic; Metaphoric; Deictics; Beat)
 It is the way eyes are used during a communication exchange
 It is a direct and powerful form of non-verbal communication
 The frequency of contact may suggest either interest or boredom
 Gaze refers to an individual’s looking behaviour. It serves four functions:
regulatory, monitoring, cognitive and expressive.
 Mutual Gazing is present when two individual’s interact and look at each other,
usually in the face
 Effective guidelines on eye contact:
 If you have trouble staring someone in the eye, look at something else on their face
 When speaking to a group look at everyone
 Look at people who are key decision makers or hold power
 Look at reactive listeners
 Do not look at the floor, scripts or anything that causes you tilt your head away from the
receiver
 Do not look at bad listeners who may distract you
 Haptics or tactile communication or touch
 Touch helps the group form bonds and stay peaceful
 Through touch we learn to relate to people and objects
 It may be divided into the following degrees of intimacy:
 Functional/ professional
 Social/ polite
 Friendship/ warmth
 Love/ intimacy
 Touch is an important way to convey warmth, comfort and
reassurance
 Study of space/ distance
 Space is defined as the distance a person maintains
between him/herself and his/ her fellows and
which he/she builds around him/ her in his/ her
home and offices.
Distance
Close (8 in. to 12 in.)
Near (12 in. to 36 in.)
Neutral (4.5 ft to 5 ft)
Public Distance (5.5 ft to 8
ft)
Across Room (8 ft to 20 ft)
Far Distance (20 ft and
more)
Relation
Highly personal, seldom
used in public
Many dyadic social
interactions occur
Most social gatherings and
business transactions
Business and social
discourse; more formal;
desks in offices are placed
to hold off visitors
Used by teachers and
speakers at public
gatherings
Public speaking by public
figures
Volume
Audible whisper
Indoors, soft voice
Outdoors, full voice
Full voice with slight over
loudness
Loud voice talking to a
group
Hailing distances, public-
address systems
 Personal appearance is used to judge a person because the first
impression of a person is based on appearance
 Clothing, hair style, attire, physical characteristics of the body like
facial shape, body shape, height, skin colour, body odour, hair, etc
 Adornments (jewellery)
 Pay attention to good grooming, including a neat hair style, body
hygiene, polished shoes and clean nails
 Invest in professional looking clothing and accessories
 Avoid flashy garments, clunky jewellery, garish make-up and
over powering perfumes
 Ensure you feel comfortable in your attire and that your
accessories suit you before embarking on your business day.
 Paralanguage refers to all vocally produced sound that is not a
direct form of linguistic communication
 Tone (direct, commanding, loud, harsh, disguised, soft, gentle,
comforting, pleasing, volatile, sharp, boisterous, rage, etc)
 Voice Inflection (stressing – stretching - narrow)
 Pitch (high – low)
 Intensity (loud – soft)
 Articulation (precise – imprecise)
 Rhythm (smooth – jerky)
 Chronemics refers to the use of time as a message
system including punctuality, amount of time
spent with another and waiting time.
 Observe and understand the non-verbal signals being sent your way on a
moment-to-moment basis
 Use good eye contact
 Stop what you are doing when your listeners look glassy-eyed or bored
 Use the tone of your voice the way a musician uses an instrument
 Adopt the most appropriate posture that suits the occasion
 Express gratitude to your audience when they are being attentive and
responsive
 Soak in the pats/ hugs that others give you
 When you are confronting someone who you are in a close relationship
with, reach out to take his/ her hand in both of yours
 Understand the cultural nuances of the various forms of non-verbal
communication