NON-COMMUNICABLE

DISEASES
Cardiovascular diseases
 Cardiovascular
Diseases
The disease of the heart and blood
vessels. These include heart
diseases and vascular diseases.
 Congenital Heart
Disease

an abnormality in the heart’s

structure that you’re born with.
 HEART
(CARDIO)DISEASES
 Congestive Heart
Failure
The inability of the heart to keep up
with the demands on it, with failure
of the heart to pump blood with
normal efficiency. When this occurs,
the heart is unable to provide
adequate blood flow to other organs,
such as the brain, liver and kidneys.
 ARRHYTHMIA
A condition in which the heart
beats with an irregular or abnormal
rhythm.
 RHEUMATIC HEART
DISEASE
Active or inactive disease of the
heart that results from rheumatic
fever and that is characterized by
reduced functional capacity of the
heart caused by inflammatory
changes in the myocardium or
scarring of the valves.
 Myocardial infarction
(heart attack)
Occurs when the heart muscle
tissue dies from lack of oxygen
because of reduced blood flow.
Heart attack is fatal when the large
part of the heart is affected.
VASCULAR (BLOOD
VESSEL) DISEASES
 Arteriosclerosis
is a group of vascular diseases
characterized by thickening and
loss of elasticity of arterial walls.
 Atherosclerosis
is a form or arteriosclerosis. It
occurs when a fatty substance
such as cholesterol is deposited
on the walls of the arteries,
making the vessels hard, narrow
and less elastic.
 HYPERTENSION OR HIGH
BLOOD PRESSURE
Occurs when blood pressure is
higher than normal. Blood
pressure is the force of the
blood on the inside walls of the
blood vessels.
 STROKE

occurs when a clot blocks

a small blood vessels in
the brain, thus brain cells
die from lack of oxygen.
 ANEURYSM
An excessive localized
enlargement of an artery
caused by a weakening of
the artery wall.
 Did you know?
• A serious stroke can cause death
• A person with both a first degree
relative (a parent or sibling) and a
second degree relative (uncle or
grandparent) who suffer from heart
disease before the age 60 is nearly
ten times more likely to suffer from
heart disease early in life.
 Did you know?
• People who live alone are twice as
likely to have a heart attack or sudden
cardiac death as those who live with a
partner or room mate.
• Negative emotions and depressions are
risk factors for heart attack and stroke.
Conversely, happier people are less
likely to develop heart disease.
 Did you know?
• Laughing relaxes and expands blood
vessels, which helps protect the heart..