Classroom Management

Dr. Shiva Shukla

Asst. Professor, CUPB
 Classroom Management
• Physical learning environment
• Enhanced learning experience
• Maintaining learning environment
• Management -> Supervision and facilitation of
resources(student, time, arrangement, and
activities (academic, evaluative, behavior,
communication, co-curricular and extra-
curricular)
• Prerequisite-> Content, activities planned and
motivation
 Skill
Desirable Components
 Calling pupil by their names : ensures better participation
 Making norms for classroom behavior: e.g.. Stand up while answering,
raise hand if you have a question, no group response etc.
 Giving clear directions: so students are not engaged in any other activities
and focused within the classroom
 Ensuring sufficient work for every pupil: keeping in view of individual
difference
 Keeping pupil in eye span: while engaging students with activities teacher
needs to monitor what students are actually doing
 Sifting from one activity to another activity smoothly: many activities of
teacher at same time like explaining, questioning, blackboard work etc. all
needs a smooth transition
 Reinforcing and recognize: to keep learning environment stimulated
 Check inappropriate behavior : immediate check on a wrong behavior
 Strategies
• Management is always smarter way of working
• Planned activities
• Reinforcement
• Attention
• Rules and regulations
• Communicate expectations to students from time
to time
• Take suggestions from students from time to time
• Discipline
 Strategies
• Stimulus variation -> eye contact, movement
in the class, pause, stress, hand gestures
• Classroom communication-> redirecting,
refocusing, probing questions
• Knowing students name
• Cite applicable rules and procedures from
time to time
 Strategies
• Refrain using ambiguous terms, wrong
sequencing and allowing interruptions
• Activities should be included, auditing the
activities and making students accountable for
activities
• Maintain timing for oneself and students also
• Availability of teacher beyond classroom
• Scope for students to be expressive
• Physical arrangement of classroom to be non-
obstructive and conducive to learning
Motivation
 What is Motivation
• Energy that drives a particular behavior
• Internal force to achieve a goal
• Derived from Latin word movere which means
to move
• A theoretical construct used to explain
initiation, direction, intensity and persistence
of behavior
 Motivation Process
Need : what is physiologically or psychologically missing,
imbalance leads to creation of need

Drive/Motive: why an individual behaves in a particular

manner , propels an individual to attain their goals

Incentive: reward for achieving a particular goal,

anything that mitigates the need
 Maslow’s need Hierarchy
Need for Self
Actualization

Esteem Needs: ego,

Higher Order status, respect, prestige,
Needs influence, power,
recognition

Social Needs: love affection,

friendship, belongingness needs

Safety Needs: Job Security, safety regulations

Lower Order
Needs
Physiological and Survival needs: food, water, shelter, sex,
warmth, physical comfort
 Types of Motives
• Primary Motives – primary needs
• Secondary motives – social and psychological
needs
• Natural/Intrinsic motivation – natural
motivation, derives pleasure in the process
• Artificial/ Extrinsic Motivation- driving force in
an external object, towards external reward
 What influences Motivation
• School Environment
• Reward system
• Nature of work
• Leadership
• Self efficacy(belief in one’s ablity) and
competence perception
• Interest
• Home environment interactive activities
• Values
 What influences Motivation
• Goal orientation
• Interactive activities
• Teaching approach
• Attribution and controlled beliefs
 Need for Achievement (N-Ach)
• Individuals desire for significant performance,
mastering of skills and maintaining high
standards.
• Personality trait requires constant and
consistent meeting of high standards
• Driven by internal drive for action this need
motivates an individual to succeed and excel
in any given task