Presentation of

knowledge management
TOPIC : EXPERT SYSTEM

Submitted to :
Prof. arun singla
Submitted by :
Gitika gambhir
7327
M.Com 4th sem
 CONTENTS

 Introduction
 Definition
 History
 Need for expert system
 Characteristics of expert system
 Components
 Advantages
 Disadvantages
 Expert system

 An expert system is usually a computer

program which performs complex data
processing similar to evaluation made by a
human expert.
 expert system is a computer system that
emulates the decision-making ability of a
human expert.
HUMAN
EXPERT
 Definition

According to James D., Malley, John C.

The expert system is the software which uses

the knowledge of experts in order to provide
effective support of decisions made by users.
 History

 Edward Albert is a computer

scientist working in the field of
artificial intelligence. He is often
called the father of expert system.
 Need for expert system

 human expertise is scarce.

 humans get tired from physical or mental workload.
 humans forget crucial details of a problem.
 inconsistent
 slow in recalling information
 unable to retain large amount of data.
 Lie , hide and die.
 Characteristics of expert system

High
reliability understandable
performance

Adequate
flexible
response time
If a person is suffering from depression, low blood
pressure, used to smokeComponents
, drink etc..

 knowledge base : this is the knowledge in

the expert system , coded in a form that the
system can use. It contains both factual and
heuristic knowledge.
Diagnosis
 inference engine :ofit heart attack
is the main processing
element of the expert system. Uses following
strategies
 Forward chaining : what can happen next?
 Backward chaining : why this happened?
 working memory
 knowledge representation : widely used
representation is production rule . A rule
consists of ‘if’ and ‘then’ part. (condition and
action)
 User interface : enables the user to
communicate with an expert system.
 Advantages

 increased availability
 reduced cost
 permanence
 explanation
 fast response
 maintenance consistency
 complex problem solving
 LIMITATIONS

 Sense : it lacks common sense needed in decision

making.
 Creativeness : it cannot respond creatively like a
human expert would in unusual circumstances.
 Errors : in knowledge base error may occur and this
leads wrong decision.
 Environment : not able to adjust according to
changing environment .