Professional Documents
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IN THE ENVIRONMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
• Environment means “surroundings”
• Includes air (atmosphere), water (hydrosphere),
soil ( lithosphere) and living entities ( biosphere
).
• Quality of life on earth is linked to the quality of
the environment sustaining it.
• Human population growth leads to problems such as
shortage of resources, overcrowding, food shortages,
social conflict and health, and survival of other species.
organisms
Irrigation
ENVIRONMENTAL
BIOTECHNOLOGY
• Biotechnology is the integrated application of scientific
and engineering principles in order to achieve useful
products and services by using the biological systems.
Bio-Indicators (Biomarkers)
Temporal and spatial changes in selected biological
systems/parameters can and are used to reflect changes in
environmental quality through bio-monitoring.
Bioremediation
• Use of biological systems for the reduction of pollution from air,
aquatic or terrestrial ecosystems.
• Bioremediation can be
intrinsic,
enhanced or
extrinsic.
• Applications of bioremediation :
i. Waste water and industrial effluents
ii. Drinking and process water
iii. Air and waste gases
iv. Soil and land treatment
v. Solid waste
TREATMENT AND RESTORATION
Biopesticides
powerful tools to create a new generation of sustainable
agriculture products.
target specific , do not leave toxic residues, reduce the
risk of resistance development in the target species, and
produce a lesser overall impact on the environment.
offer solutions to concerns such as pest resistance to
conventional chemical pesticides, public concern about
side effects of pesticides on the environment and human
health.
derived from natural materials such as animals, plants,
bacteria, and certain minerals.
Biofertilizers
Substances which contain living microorganisms which
colonizes the rhizosphere of the plant and promote
growth by increasing the supply or availability of primary
nutrients and/or growth stimulus to the target crop
fix the atmospheric nitrogen and solubilize phosphate
Bioplastics
plastics represent a major environmental problem as
they are nonbiodegradable, resulting in worldwide
growth of plastics wastes
bioplastics are environment friendly, biodegradable,
produced from natural renewable resources, able to be
recycled, reused and composted (degrade to organic
matter after disposal) or burned without producing toxic
byproducts.
made from many different sources and materials
including cellulose, corn starch,potato starch, plant oil,
sugarcane, hemp, poly lactic acid (PLA), poly-3-
hydroxybutyrate (PHB), etc. which avoids the use of
nonrenewable resources.
Microbes can be induced to produce enzymes needed to
convert plant and vegetable raw materials into building
Plant based
bioremediation & Phytoremediation
transgenics
Biochemistry
Catabolic ENVIRONMENT Bioenvironment & Engineering
Proteins and Air, Water, and Biotechnology Environmental Biotechnology
Intermediate Soil
Metabolites