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What is “demography”?
Demography is the study of populations
Counting and describing people
Age, sex, income, marital status…
Demographers calculate
life expectancy
birth and fertility rates
average age at marriage…
Three basic processes affect
population
Fertility
Mortality
Migration
Dependency ratios
Old age dependency ratio - % of
population 65+ compared to % of
population 18 to 64 (the “workers”).
Fewer workers supporting more older
people
So old age dependency ratio is
INCREASING
Other ratios…
Childhood dependency ratio - %
population age 0-17 compared to %
population 18 to 64.
This is DECLINING
Overall dependency ratio - STABLE