FILIPINO SOCIAL

THINKERS
 JOSE RIZAL
(REFORMIST)
•Intelligence is the
solution to the ills of
the country.
•Their consciousness
should be freed from
fanaticism, docility,
inferiority, and
hopelessness.
•He started La Liga
Filipina with the job of
enlightening the
minds of the people.
•Believed in Agnostic
Deism – the view that
God created the universe
with its law, never to
interfere with it again.
•“Human problems are
irrational human creations
and can be solved through
rational solutions. If reason
commits mistakes, only
reason can correct them.”
•“What is the use of
independence if the
slaves of today will be
the tyrants of
tomorrow?”
 ANDRES
BONIFACIO
(REVOLUTIONIST)
•Founded
Katipunan/KKK.
(Kataastaasan,
Kagalanggalangang Katipunan
ng mga Anak ng Bayan)
•His philosophy of
revolution was published
in the revolutionary
newspaper , “Kalayaan”.
•Transformed the
blood compact
(sandugo) as a kinship
contract.
•According to him, a
revolution of war is
justified when there is
breach of contract.
 EMILIO JACINTO
(REVOLUTIONIST)
•He capitalized on the idea
of a free reign of reason, of
the freedom to think and
do, rather than the
freedom to will and do.
(Gripaldo, 2002)
•“In a colonial situation where
both will and thinking are
suppressed, where intellectual
fanaticism is the rule, where one’s
will is conditioned to submit to
tyranny, it is intellectual liberty
that comes primary.”
•Filipinos must get rid
of slavery; must
embrace liberty again
with a price, a bloody
revolution.
MANUEL LUIS
QUEZON
(POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER)
•Political pragmatism
& political operation
for an eventual
Philippine
independence
•Political Pragmatism –
“one must fight for a
goal but if obstacles
towards that goal are
difficult to summon
then one must fall back
to an alternative that is
better than nothing
provided it’s in the right
direction.”
•Believed in Social
Darwinism –
governments are
products of political
struggles for survival.
•“Partyless
Democracy” – political
parties influence the
politician, the people.
•Believed in the
democratization of
education for all,
national language,
and justice.
•Equal access to
essential raw materials.
JOSE P. LAUREL
(POLITICAL
PHILOSOPHER)
•Individuals cannot
forever remain in
solitude.
•Social differences
•“Human rights cannot
be guaranteed unless
the citizens first do
their obligations
towards the state.”
•“Good governance is
founded on righteousness
and foreign relations must be
based on full reciprocal rights
and privileges between and
among nations.”
 RENATO
CONSTANTINO
(NATIONALIST)
•Colonial experience has
developed a captive
consciousness. An effect
of this “crab mentality”.
This is the tendency to
those on top
of the hierarchy to push
those below while those
below to pull down those
up above.
•“When one makes a
nationalist choice, he or
she chooses not for
himself or herself alone
but for the entire nation
as well.”
 R. ESQUIREL
EMBUSCADO
(DISSECTIONIST)
•As a painter, he believed
that the task of an
authentic artist is to cut
the umbilical cord of the
past, to make use of the
present, and to protect
that present to the
open future. He called
this art of
“dissectionism.”
•True art must not be
part-oriented, but
present-future
oriented.
CIRILO BAUTISTA
(POLITICAL
THEORIST)
•“Rubber Toner” – a
poem
•“History can be read as a
poem in the same way a
poem can be read as
history.”
 CLARO R.
CENTEZA
(META
PHYSICIAN)
•To “exist” is to “stand
out.”
•To “exist” is “to make
a difference.”
 ROLANDO M.
GRIPALDO
(CIRCUMSTANTIA
LIST)
•“free choice” - Choices
are done in situations,
which are of 2 broad
types: rational and non-
rational.
 ISABELO DELOS
REYES (LABOR
ACTIVIST/
ANTHROPOLOGIST)
•Father of Filipino
Socialism
•Initiated labor strikes
against American
business firms
•Founded ‘El Ilocano’
•He organized the first
labor union, Union
Obrera Democratica
Filipina
•Mother Tongue based
Multilingual Education
TEODORO M.
KALAW
•Published Cinko Reglas
de Nuestra Moral
Antigua
CAMILO OSIAS
•“TAYO” concept
•Believes that education
must secure for every
Filipino the fullest measure
of efficiency, freedom, and
happiness
 VICENTE SINCO,
FRANCISCO
DALUPAN,
CONRADO AQUINO
•Liberal Education – an
approach to learning that
empowers individuals and
repairs them to deal with
complexity, diversity, and
change.
•Sinco envisioned the need
for well-trained teachers as
one of the essential factors
to improve the quality of
the educational program in
schools.
•Aquino also stressed that
those responsible for the
education of the citizens
must also educate them in
the fullness of their rational
nature.