LATHE

BATCH NO. 7
• 17331A03C9
• 17331A03E7
• 17331A03F4
• 17331A0H9
• 18335A0325
lathe
HISTORY OF LATHE

• Lathe is very important machine tool in industrial revolution

and also treated as mother of machine tools
• This the source of innovations of the other machine tools
• Lathe machine was invented by Jacques de vaucanson around
1751
• During late 19th , mid 20th centuries individual motors are
used to drive the machine tool
• In the 1950 s ,servo mechanism were applied to control of
lathe and other machine tools
• General purpose called as engine lathe or center lathe .
• The cutting tool may passes along the length(longitudinal)
the work piece and cross reference to the rotation of work (
lathe axis )
Types of lathe

• Bench lathe
• Speed lathe
• Engine lathe
• Tool room lathe
• Capstan and turret lathe
• Automatic and semi automatic lathe
• Special purpose lathe
• CNC lathe
 Types of lathe
Bench lathe

• Small in
size
generally
fitted to
the bench
• Used for
small and
simple
operation
Speed lathe

• This is similar to bench

lathe but it consist of cast
iron legs
• It runs with high speed
compared with bench lathe
• generally used for turning
wood components
Engine lathe

• Most popularly used

general purpose lathe
• It is driven by individual
prime mover
• Capable of varying speed
• It consist of the beads on
which carriage moves
Tool room lathe

• It is similar to the engine

lathe but it has some
external attachments are
attached
• To do the special
operations
Turret lathe

•In turret lathe the turret is

mounted on the ram of the
machine (this is replaces
the tail stock)

Capstan lathe
•The turret is placed on
the saddle of the lathe
Specification of lathe

• The height of the center distance above the bed.

• The swing diameter or the maximum diameter of the work
that can be rotated over the ways of the bead .
• The maximum work that can be accommodated b/w the lathe
centers.
• The maximum diameter of the work that can be rotated over
the lathe spindle
• No of speeds
• Capacity of the prime mover
Specification of lathe machine
LATHE MACHINE
WITH
PART DETAILS
Lathe parts and their functions

Head stock
• It is placed left side
of the operator .
• The prime mover is
connected to the
spindle to the chuck .
• It’s also called as
live center because it
rotates the work
piece
Tail stock

• Tail stock is placed at

the right end of the
operator.
• It supports the long
lengthy jobs .
• Its moves toward the
live center while some
special operations done
on the lathe (drilling
,boring) its has a wheel
to advancing the center
inside the tail stock. Its
also called as dead
center.
Lathe bed

• Lathe bed are

supports the all
other parts of the
machine tool.
• Its consist of guide
ways on which the
tail stock moves..
• Generally the lathe
beds are made by
cast irons,these bed
have high damping
capacity
•Guide ways are having different cross
sections (one side having v shape another side
is flat) to minimise the effort applied to move
the various parts on the bead
Carriage

• The carriage has placed

on the guide ways of the
lathe bed moves along the
length of the bed.
• On the carriage cross
slide, compound rest and
tool post are mounted.
Cross slide

• The cross slide is mounted

on carriage.
• It provides cross or lateral
movement the tool in the
tool post.
• Its controlled my manually
by using hand wheel
Tool post
• Tool post is mounted on
the cross slide, the cross
slide having T- slots or other
means to mount the tool
post .
• The tool post are two types
1. single way tool post , 2.
multi way tool post.
• These tool post are used for
carrying single point cutting
tool
Carriage with cross slide,
compound rest and tool post
Thread chasing dial

• Lathe spindle and lead

screw must be in contact
while performing any
operation
• This is the purpose of thread
chasing dial
Feed engaging lever

• It engage the feed for automatic

movement of the carriage
• Engaging provides automatic
movement
• Disengaging provides manual
movement
Thread cutting process

•Principle of thread cutting is to produce helical groves on cylindrical or

conical surface
 Lathe operations
• Facing - tool moves lateral – produce flat face to work
• Turning – tool moves parallel – produce cylindrical surface
• Taper turning – tool moves at an angle- produce tapered or
inclined surface
• Form turning – produce special shapes ( hendal )
• Drilling - making circular hole in work piece
• Cutting / parting off – separate the desired part
• Thread cutting – producing threads (internal/ external)
• Boring - enlarging the drilled hole to required size
• Knurling - producing indentation on the surface
• Counter boring – boring required portion in drilled hole
• Chamfering - making angled surface at sharp corners
Lathe machine schematic diagram