BeiDou (COMPASS)

ACUNA, JHON VICTOR

EDUCANO, JERRY JAMES
RAMON, EARL JOHN
 SYSTEM

The BeiDou Navigation Satellite

System (BDS) has been independently
constructed and operated by China with
an eye to the needs of the country’s
national security and economic and social
development.
 Development Path
In the late 20th century, China started to explore a
path develop a navigation satellite system suitable for
its national conditions, and gradually formulated a
three-step development strategy:
• Completing the construction of BDS-1 and provide
services to the whole country by the end of 2000
• Completing the construction of BDS-2 and provide
services to the Asia-Pacific region by the end of 2012
• Complete the construction of BDS-3 and provide
services worldwide around 2020
 About BeiDou
1983 the concept for a Chinese Regional
Navigation System was first introduced
1989 the system using the two geostationary DFH-
2/2A communication satellites (code name:
Twinsat) passed in-orbit validation.
30 October 2000 – BeiDou-1A was launched, the
first dedicated satellite
20 December 2000 – followed by BeiDou-1B
25 May 2003 – BeiDou-1C the third satellite was
put into orbit as a backup
• The BeiDou-1 (BeiDou- ‘Northern Dipper’ the
Chinese for the Big Dipper constellation) satellites
were constructed based on DFH-3 geostationary
communication platform
• 15 December 2003 – the first generation BeiDou
system was successfully put into operation that made
China one of the three countries owning their
navigation satellites systems
• 2006 – China officially announced the development
of the national second generations GNSS including
constellation of MEO satellites – BeiDou-2 (or
Compass as alternative name)
 BeiDou Services

BeiDou will deliver two types of global

and two types of regional services.
Global services are open and authorized
services. Regional services are wide area
different and short message services.
 Development Goals

The BDS development is aimed to build a

world-class navigation satellite system to meet
the needs of the country’s national security as
well as economic and social development; to
provide continuous, stable and reliable services
for global users.
 Development Principles
China upholds the principles of “independence,
openness, compatibility and gradualness” in the BDS
construction and development.
 Independence refers to uphold independent
construction, development and operation of BDS, and
to acquire the capability to independently provide
satellite navigation services to global users.
 openness refers to provide open satellites navigation
services free of charge, and to encourage all-scale,
multi-level and high-quality international cooperation
exchange.
Compatibility refers to enhance the BDS
compatibility and interoperability with other
navigation satellite systems, and to encourage
international collaborations and exchanges, so
as to provide better services to users.
Gradualness refer to carry out the BDS
development in a phased approach, to
enhance the BDS service performance, and to
boost the development of satellite navigation
industries in a comprehensive, coordinated
and sustainable manner.
 Main Composition of BDS
BDS is mainly comprised of three segments: space segment,
ground segment and user segment.
 The BDS space segment – is a hybrid navigation
constellation consisting of GEO, IGSO and MEO satellites.
 The BDS ground segment – consists of various ground
stations, including master control stations, time
synchronization and uplink stations, as well as monitoring
stations.
 The BDS user segment – consists of various kinds of BDS
basic products, including chips, modules and antennae,
as well as terminals, application systems and application
services, which may be compatible with other system.
 BeiDou ORBITAL CONSTELLATION
5 Satellites on GEO
 58.75d E, 80d E, 110.5d E, 140d E, and 160d E
 Altitude (35, 786 km)
27 satellite on MEO
 Altitude (21, 528 km)
 Inclination (55d)
 Number of planes (3)
 Period (12h53m24s)
3 Satellites on IGSO
 118d E
 Altitude (35, 786 km)
 Types of Satellites
CHARACTERISTICS GEO AND IGSO SATELLITES MEO SATELLITES
PRIME CHINESE ACADEMY OF SPACE CHINESE ACADEMY OF SPACE
TECHNOLOGY (CAST) TECHNOLOGY (CAST)

SATELLITE PLATFORM DFH – 3/3B DFH – 3B

LIFETIME 15 YEARS 12 YEARS
WEIGHT 828 KG 1615 KG
SIGNALS B1 (OPEN AND AUTHORIZED B1 (OPEN AND AUTHORIZED
ACCESS) ACCESS)
B2 (OPEN ACCESS) B2 (OPEN ACCESS)
B3 (AUTHORIZED ACCESS) B3 (AUTHORIZED ACCESS)

ON-BOARD ATOMIC 2 Rb 2Rb

FREQUENCY STANDARD
ADDITIONAL CAPABILITIES LASER REFLECTORS LASER REFLECTORS
COSMIC RAY REGISTRATION COSMIC RAY REGISTRATION
 Navigational Radio Signals
BeiDou transmits navigation system signals in
the three frequency bands: B1, B2, B3, which
are in the same area of L-band as other GNSS
signals.
To benefit from the signal interoperability of
BeiDou with Galileo and GPS China
announced the migration of its civil B1 signal
from 1561.098 MHz to a frequency centered at
1575.42 MHz
 Reference System
BeiDou satellites motion parameters are transmitted in
CGCS2000 (the China Geodetic Coordinate System
2000). Its origin is the center of mass of the whole Earth.
 Its Z-axis directs from the origin to the reference pole of
the international Earth Rotation Services (IERS
Reference Pole).
 Its X-axis directs from the origin to the intersection
between IERS Reference meridian and the plane
perpendicular to Z-axis.
 Its Y-axis completes a right-handed, Earth-Centered
Earth-Fixed (ECEF) orthogonal coordinate system.
 GEODETIC CONSTANTS AND PARAMETERS
OF EARTH ELLIPSOID CGCS2000
Semi-major axis, a, m 6378137.0

Geocentric gravitational constant (Mass of 398600,4418 x10^9

Earth’s Atmosphere included), M^3/C^2

Angular velocity of the Earth Ꙍ rad/s 7,2921150x10^-5

Flattening Factor 1/298,257222101