Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Surveying Correction
Surveying Correction
Incorrect
length
Slope
Temperature
Sag
Stretch
Incorrect Length
Sources of Error
Bad repair
Poor standardization
CL = (Ltrue-L)
Determining - add correction
Establishing - subtract the
correction
Incorrect Length - Determining
Your Task: Measure distance A to B
You measure 500.00’
Your tape is actually 100.02’ long
Actual length = 500.10’
CL = (100.02’ – 100’) = 0.02’/pull
Dtrue = Dmeasured + CL
Dtrue = 500.00 + 5*(.02’) = 500.10’
Incorrect Length - Establishing
Your task: Establish point B exactly
500.00 feet from point A
Your tape is actually 100.02’ long
B is set 5(100.02’) = 500.10’ from A
CL = (100.02’ – 100’) = 0.02’/pull
Correct by subtracting 5(.02’) = 0.10’
Slope
Trigonometry
Horizontal: h = s*cos()
s
v
Calculation
h
C sh
v 2 s 2 h 2 ( s h)( s h)
v2 v2
C
s h 2s
Slope Example
s
If s = 300.00’
v
= 5° h
h = 300 cos(5) = 298.86’
v = 300 sin(5) = 26.15’
If you had measured v = 26.15’
CS = v2/2S = 26.152/600.00 = 1.14’
h = v – CS = 300.00 – 1.14 = 298.86’
Temperature
Ct k (T Ts )( L)
k .0000065 / F
.0000116 / C
Ct .0000065(T Ts )( L)
Temperature Example
Tape calibrated to 100.00’ at 68°F
Determine Dist AB = 368.50’ at 22°F
Calculate true distance
CT = .0000065(22-68)(368.50) = -0.11’
True Dist AB = 368.50 - 0.11 = 368.39’
Sag
2 3 2
wL W L
Cs 2
24 P 24 P 2
Example:
2.8-lb chain calibrated at 100.00’ when supported
throughout
Established B 348.75’ from A