PHYSiCS

FLUID MECHANICS
FLUID
◦ A fluid substance which deforms when subjected
to a force.
◦ A fluid can offer no permanent resistance to any
force causing change of shape.
◦ Fluids flow under their own weight and take the
shape of any solid body which they are in contact.
◦ Fluids may be divided into liquids and gasses.
DENSITY
The density of fluid is its mass per unit volume.
In SI; kg/m3
Fluid Density is temperature and pressure
dependent.
SPECIFIC GRAVITY OR
RELATIVE DENSITY
SPECIFIC WEIGHT AND
VISCOSITY
SPECIFIC WEIGHT
Weight of fluid per unit volume
In N/m3
VISCOSITY
A property of fluid which determines the amount of its
resistance to a shearing force.
Viscosity is due primarily to interaction of fluid molecules.
SPECIFIC WEIGHT AND
VISCOSITY
SPECIFIC WEIGHT
Weight of fluid per unit volume
In N/m3
VISCOSITY
A property of fluid which determines the amount of its
resistance to a shearing force.
Viscosity is due primarily to interaction of fluid molecules.
 Fluids don’t sustain shearing stresses, so the only stress that
a fluid can exert on a submerged object is one that tends to
compress it, which is bulk stress. The force exerted by the
fluid on the object is always perpendicular to the surfaces of
the object, as shown in Figure .
Constant:
Sample Problem
A tank contains oil with specific gravity of 0.80, gasoline with specific
gravity of 0.90, and sea water with specific gravity of 1.05. What is the
pressure at a depth of 1.20m if the depths of the liquids are .50m, .60m,
and .80m, respectively?
Hydrostatic Pressure
 Sample Problem
In the fig., the absolute pressure
at the bottom of the tank is
233.5 Kpa. Compute the sp gr of
olive oil. Take atmospheric
pressure = 101.3 Kpa.

S= 1.44