CULTURE

CULTURE
 CICERO- “Tusculan Disputations”
 “CULTURA AMINI” – Cultivation of the soul

 Blueprint for living, a pattern to follow (Brinkerhoff

and White, 1988)

WAY OF LIFE
ANTHROPOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE
on CULTURE
“ A complex whole which includes
knowledge, beliefs, law, art, morals,
customs and other capabilities and
habits acquired by man as a member of
the society”

Edward B. Taylor (1871)

SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE on
CULTURE
An object is not to be considered
“cultural” unless it “enters a circuit of
human discourse.”

Cultural objects must have people who

received and make meaning of them.
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE on
CULTURE
Example:
 Veil
 Cow
 Loud slurping
SOCIOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE on
CULTURE
Culture is a collective heritage learned by
individuals and passed from one generation
to another.

“a person may escape society but he can

never escape culture.”
-Joseph H. Fichter
CHARACTERISTICS
CHARACTERISTICS
OF
OF CULTURE
CULTURE
CULTURE:

1. Learned and acquired through

socialization and enculturation.
 Interaction within a group of people
 Process of acquiring customs,
practices, belief from one person/
group to another.
CULTURE:

2. Dynamic, adaptive and flexible

ever- changing, improving,
3. Shared and transmitted
handed-down and handed-up
4. Integrated and patterned social interaction
overlapping, interwoven
5. Social
by-product of human interaction
CULTURE:

6. Cumulative
culture from different generations
accumulated and transmitted
7. Requires language (communication)
language is the vehicle of culture
CULTURE IS:

2. Dynamic, adaptive and flexible

ever- changing, improving,
3. Shared and transmitted
handed-down and handed-up
4. Integrated and patterned social interaction
overlapping, interwoven
5. Social
by-product of human interaction
FUNCTIONS OF
CULTURE
FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE
1. Culture defines situations
2. Culture defines attitudes, values
and goals
3. Culture defines myths, legends and
the supernatural
4. Culture provides behavior patterns
FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE
1. Culture defines situations
2. Culture defines attitudes, values
and goals
3. Culture defines myths, legends and
the supernatural
4. Culture provides behavior patterns
 MODES
MODES OF
ACQUIRING
ACQUIRING CULTURE
CULTURE
FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE

1. IMITATION

2. FORMAL TEACHING

3. CONDITIONING
Rewards and Punishments