Reviewer Prelims Day 3 -A collective behavior arising from shared

UNCUSP beliefs and value systems

-Acquired set of customs, traditions and
Understanding Culture and Social and
mindset transmitted across generations
Backgrounds within societies
Human Beings are:
 Society
 Social Beings -A complex web of relationship existing out
-belong to a group and interact with people of man’s interaction with one another
 Cultural Beings
August Comte
-carry our ancestors traditions and beliefs,
language, faith and distinct way of life of -Father if Sociology
our community and transmit them to the saw society as a social organism
next generation. possessing harmony of structure and
 Political Beings function.
-we are subject to power
Talcott Parsons
How will we understand life
-An American Sociologist
 Cultural Background conceives the society as a system
-Any culture or subculture that someone comprised of the interactions of many
identifies as heritage individuals within a situation through
 Social Background commonly understood cultural norms
-Social Demographics of generalized symbols and associated
-Position an individual takes on an issue meanings.
 Political Background/Ideas
Characteristics Of Culture
-Have the same social background often share 1. Learned
the same political Ideas Culture is not innate or genetically
inherited, It’s learned through
Importance of Understanding One’s self
influence.
Observation of social, political and 2. Shared
cultural behavior and phenomena Large group of people would share
 Social Phenomenon similar behavior.
-Influenced by organism sufficiently alive to 3. Integrated
respond Culture possesses a systematic order
 Cultural Phenomenon that have various parts that’s integrated
-Occurs when something gains widespread as a whole.
popularity 4. Adaptive & Dynamic
-Process of becoming popular Culture adapts to environment and
 Political Phenomenon geographical conditions as witnessed
-Affects of political psyche through-out history.
5. Abstract
“Phenomenon VS Taboo” Culture manifested through behavior,
habits, mannerism and activities.
Culture and Society
6. Symbolic
 Culture
 All cultures are driven by symbol that Culture Relativism
stands for something. -Promotes the idea that no culture is superiors
over any other
Relationship between Culture and
-culture has their own right and are therefore
Society equal value.
Culture Both Society
Cultural Heritage
Values Requires Interaction According to UNESCO
Belief interaction, with people -cultural heritage is legacy of physical artifacts
Behavior Revolves create and intangible attributes of a group of society
Practices around -Groups that are inherited from the past generations
Norms relationships -Association maintained in the present and bestowed for
Symbolic -Institutions the benefit of future generations.
Meaning
CULTURE & SOCIETY are intricately woven
together
Globalization
-With the advent of globalization and Human Biocultural and Social Evolution
increasing virtual interaction, society and Charles Darwin (Origin of Species 1859)
culture are becoming more interrelated than -a revolutionary idea swept the scientific
ever. community
Social media creates a society where a specific
culture arises which in turns shapes that -the word evolution became a household term
particular society. It leads to formation of amongst scientists and scholars as they
virtual groups and communities. underscore that species, people, communities,
societies, civilization, and nations evolve
because they adapt and change with their
Ethnocentrism & Cultural environment or within the context where they
are situated.
Relativism
Ethnocentrism Change = Constant Factor
-strong adherence and association to one’s
Survival= Major Driving Force
cultural perspective may create a tendency to
view that of others as the lesser truth. Biological & Cultural Evolution
-leads people to believe the inherent
Bioculture
superiority of one’s culture over the other.
- defined as the relationship between biology
and culture.

-Along with biological evolution of man, Culture

is also changing

Culture and Sociopolitical Evolution

Barger (2014)
Five types of society
-Ethnocentrism defines as making false
assumption about the ways of others based on 1. Hunting & Gathering
our own limited experience -“Foraging Society”
 -hunting, trapping, gathering, fishing or
combined strategies were used by them
2. Horticultural and Pastoral Societies
-discovered and cultivated he process of
raising crops using handmade tools
-“Horticulture” derived from Latin “Hortus
(garden) and Colere (cultivate)
3. Agrarian/Agricultural Societies
-permanent settlements and social classes
were established, Rise of Civilization
-use of fertilization
-gender differentiation
Early Civilization & Rise of the State
-development of writing systems
-wheeled transportation
-establishment of state
Democratization
-“Government if the people, by the people, for
the people, shall not perish, from the earth” –
Abraham Lincoln Nov 19,1863
4. Industrial Societies
-Transition from agriculture to industrial
-agriculture converted to manufacturing
and industrial sites
-Use of steel, Iron and coal, Steam engines.
Urban landscapes connected by
transportation and communication.
5. Post-Industrial Societies
-20th century the beginning of information
revolution (computers/internet)
-Globalization
Characteristics of Current Era
(Daniel Bell 1973)
1. Producing goods to creating services
2. Blue collar and Manual jobs replaced by
professional and technical jobs
3. Focus on theoretical knowledge over
practical knowledge
4. Implication of new technologies
5. Creation of new scientific disciplines
6. Need for universities to create
graduates who can develop next wave
of tech advances
 Emptech3 reviewer prelims Latest Technology trends
1. AI And Advanced machine learning
Empowerment Technology
-Makes smart things “Intelligent”
21st century
2. Intelligent Apps
-the Digital Age, emergence and development
-Virtual personal assistant
of different technologies that have helped
3. Intelligent Things
people accomplish tasks in a more effective and
-Physical things imbued with machine
efficient way.
learning capabilities through rigid
Empowerment programming
-the process of giving people the capacity to 4. Virtual And Augmented Reality
achieve a specific end-goal. -Immersive technologies
5. Digital Twin
Empowerment through ICT (Information -Dynamic software model of something
and Communications Technology) that uses data form various sensors to
Information Literacy(2000) do autonomous actions.
-Effectively accessing information and use of -metadata and analytics
information 6. Blockchain And Distributed Ledgers
-understanding legal and economic social -(Gartner Inc.) value exchange
issues, and uses information ethically and transactions, bitcoin or other tokens,
legally are sequentially grouped into blocks
-Evaluating information and its sources critically 7. Conversational System
and incorporating it into their knowledge -Conversational devices, Google Home
Alexa Siri, not limited to a single device
Technology literacy(2002)
nut instead connected to multiple
-Ability to use digital technology,
internet of things.
communication tools, and/or networks to
8. Mesh Apps and Service
define an information need, access, manage,
Architecture(MASA)
integrate, and evaluate information, create new
-(Gartner Inc,)Enables users to have an
information or knowledge and be able to
optimized solution for targeted
communicate this information to others
endpoint in the digital mesh
Crawl Walk Run 9. Digital Technology Platforms
-Platforms that enable digital business
Web 1.0 Web 2.0 Web 3.0 10. Adaptive Security Architecture
Read Read-Write Portable & -Constant processing of info requires
Personal better, ultra sufficient architectures to
Company Focus Community Focus Individual Focus handle demand
Owning Content Sharing Content Consolidating
Research
content
-Research has become the common term that’s
Web forms Web Applications Smart
used when “looking for something” online.
Applications
Directories Tagging User Behavior -a systematic inquiry that attempts to provide
solutions to existing problems and questions
Page Views Cost Per Click User using facts and data.
Engagement
Banner ads Interactive ads Behavioral Ads
Britannica Online Wikipedia Semantic Web
HTML/Portal XML/RSS RDF/RDFS/OWL
Research skills you need to develop
Check your sources
-Currency, Security, Scope, and Authority
Ask good questions
Go Beyond the Surface
Be Patient
Respect Ownership
Use your networks
Useful ICT Tools for research
1. Google search
-most popular search engines in 21st century
2. Google Scholar
-scholarly
3. Online Journals
-Journal is a periodical publication that
contains scholarly articles relating to a
particular discipline or field of study.
4. Academic Websites
-Internet Archive
(non-profit electronic library)
-EBSCOhost
(digital library ,premium based access)
-JSTOR
(Academic, scientific, research)
ICT safety, Security, and Netiquette
The Ten Commandments of Computer Ethics
1. Thou shalt not use a computer to harm
other people in any way.
2. Thou shalt not interfere with other
people’s computer work.
3. Thou shalt not sneak around in other
people’s computer files
4. Thou shalt not use a computer to steal
5. Thou shalt not use a computer to bear
false witness
6. Thou shalt not copy or use proprietary
software for which you have not paid
7. Thou shalt not use other people’s
computer resources without
authorization or proper compensation
8. Thou shalt not appropriate other
people’s intellectual output
9. Thou shalt think about the social
consequences of the program you are
writing or the system you are designing
10. Thou shalt always use a computer in
ways that ensure consideration and
respect for your fellow humans
Computer Ethics is a new
-Branch of Ethics standards of conduct in
the use of computers
Intellectual Property Rights(IPR)
-Biggest issue surrounding ICT is violation of
IPR
-Act of stealing other people’s works and
ideas, whether knowingly or unknowingly
Intellectual Property Laws (IPL)
-protects the rights of people to maintain
legal ownership of their works and ideas
Avoiding Plagiarism
Six ways to prevent Avoid Plagiarism
1. Paraphrase
2. Cite
3. Quoting
4. Citing Quotes
5. Citing your own material
6. Referencing
Citations and Bibliography
Steps to in creating your bibliography
1. Choose reference style
2. Add Citations and sources
3. Insert Bibliography
Checking Spelling and Grammar
1. Review tab
2. Suggestions click change
-Ignoring Errors
For spelling errors
-Ignore (skip the word in question without
changing)
-Ignore all (will skip the word and all other Charts
instances) Type of Charts
-Add (This adds the word to the dictionary)
o Column
For grammar errors -Vertical bars
-Ignore (skip the word/phrase without changing o Line
it) -Ideal for showing trends
Automatic spelling grammar checking o Pie
Red line- misspelled -compare proportions
Blue line- grammar o Bar
To hide spellings and grammar errors in a -Horizontal bars
document: o Area
-Line chart except under the lines are
1. File- backstage view- options shaded
2. Proofing o Surface
3. Check boxes for hide spelling errors in -Display 3D landscape
this document only
4. If you have more than one , click the
drop down box.

Formulas and Functions

P-arenthesis (x+y)

E-xponential (x^3)

M-ultiplication (x*y)

D-ivision (x/y)

A-ddiction x+y

S-ubtraction x-y

 Sum - add
 Average – average of all the values
 Count – counts the number of
cells(#)
 Max – Highest cell value
 Min – Lowest cell value

Sorting
Types of sorting

 Sort Sheet
sort all data in your worksheets by one
column
 Sort Range
sorts the data in range of cells