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( TEKANAN TANAH LATERAL )

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
Pangkal Jembatan

UNTUK PERANCANGAN
ANALISA DINDING PENAHAN TANAH &
(TEKANAN TANAH LATERAL) STRUKTUR PENAHAN LAINNYA

Basement Gedung

Turap / sheet pile

Terowongan

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
Tekanan Tanah TEKANAN TANAH SAAT DIAM
Lateral Lateral Earth Pressure at Rest

TEKANAN TANAH AKTIF


Active Earth Pressure

TEKANAN TANAH PASIF


Passive Earth Pressure

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Introduction
Tekanan Tanah Lateral Tekanan tanah yang terjadi akibat massa
tanah pada dinding penahan dalam
saat Diam
keadaan seimbang.

Koefesien Tekanan Tanah


saat diam (K0)

 h’
rasio ------- secara konstant
h’ h’
K0 = ------- K0 = -------  v’
v’ γ’ . Z v’ = γ’ . Z …... (overburden pressure)

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Lateral Earth Pressure at Rest
(a) (b) (c)

Turap z

Turap
H H σh’ = Ko. σv’
Garis keruk dz
Ph
H/3 σv’ = γ’. z

σh’ = Ko. H. γ’

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Lateral of Earth Pressure at Rest
Estimasi nilai K0

Untuk tanah Granuler (Jaky, 1944) K0 = 1 – sin Ø

K0 = 0,95 – sin Ø (Brooker & Ireland, 1965)


Lempung Normally Consolidated
K0 = 0,19 – 0,233 log (PI) (Alpan, 1967)

Lempung Over Consolidated K0(overconsolidated) = K0(Normally consolidated) . OCR0,5


Dari Analisa Elastis
K0 
1 = Poisson’s ratio

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Lateral of Earth Pressure at Rest
Distribusi Tekanan Tanah Lateral saat diam
AKIBAT BERAT SENDIRINYA TANAH

a. Lapisan Tanah diatas muka air tanah

σh’ = Ko. γ . h1
b. Lapisan Tanah dibawah muka air tanah

σh’ = Ko. γ ‘. h2

AKIBAT BERAT AIR

σh’ = γ w .h2

AKIBAT TEKANAN TANAH & AIR

σh = Ko(γ . h1 + γ’ . h2 ) + γ w .h2
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Lateral of Earth Pressure at Rest
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Aktif
Pada Tanah Granuler ( C = 0 )

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Aktif
Pada Tanah Granuler ( C = 0 )

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Aktif
Pada Tanah Granuler ( C = 0 )

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Aktif
Pada Tanah Granuler ( C = 0 )

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Aktif
Pada Tanah COHESIVE

Kohesi adalah lekatan antara


butir-butir tanah, sehingga
kohesi mempunyai pengaruh
mengurangi tekanan aktif
tanah sebesar

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Pasif
Pada Tanah GRANULAR
(C = 0)

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Pasif
Pada Tanah GRANULAR
(C = 0)

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Pasif
Pada Tanah GRANULAR
(C = 0)

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Pasif
Pada Tanah GRANULAR
(C = 0)

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
Tekanan Tanah Pasif
Pada Tanah COHESIVE

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE
By : Fuad Harwadi
Active & Passive Earth Pressure
PERBEDAAN TEORI RANKINE dan COULOMB

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Lateral Earth Pressure Theory
Ka = tg2 (45º - Ø/2)

Kp = tg2 (45º + Ø/2)

 Dinding vertikal dan


licin

 Nilai Ka dan Kp dapat


dihitung langsung

 Tanah tidak akan


tergelincir
LATERAL EARTH sepanjang
PRESSURE
temboknya tetapi
By : Fuad Harwadi
bersudut 900 dengan
dasar tembok penahan
Tegangan Rankine dengan menggunakan lingkaran Mohr.

RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory


Dinding dng Permukaan Horisontal
Pada Tanah GRANULAR (C = 0)

Pa = ½ H2.γ.Ka
h Pp = ½ h2.γ.Kp
Pp = h.γ.Kp Pa = H.γ.Ka

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory
Dinding dng Permukaan Miring
Pada Tanah GRANULAR (C = 0)

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory
(a) Pengaruh retakan yang terisi air

(b) Diagram tekanan aktif secara teoritis

(c) Diagram tekanan pasif

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
Lateral Earth Pressure for COHESIVE SOIL
DIAGRAM TEKANAN TANAH TAK BERKOHESI (c = 0)

 Akibat beban merata pd lapisan tanah 1

Pa1 = ( q . Ka1 ). h1

 Akibat berat tanah sendiri di lapisan tanah 1


Pa1
Pa2 = ½ (γ1 . h1 . Ka1 ) h1
Pa2

 Akibat beban merata pd lapisan tanah 2

Pa3 = (q. Ka2 ). h2

Pa3 Pa4
 Akibat berat tanah di lapisan 1 (menjadi
beban merata pd lapisan 2) Pa5

Pa4 = ( γ1 . h1 Ka2 ) . h2 Pa6

 Akibat berat sendiri tanah di lapisan 2


Pa5 = ½ ( γ’2 . h2 . Ka2 ). h2

 Akibat tekanan air tanah

Pa6 = ½ ( γw . h2 ) h2 RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory


DIAGRAM TEKANAN TANAH COHESIVE
TANAH AKTIF

Pada Tanah urugan yang berkohesi


biasanya terjadi retakan pada
permukaan tanah.

Sesudah retak maka tidak ada lagi


kontak tanah dng dinding sampai
kedalaman hc.

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory
DIAGRAM TEKANAN TANAH COHESIVE
TANAH PASIF

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory
CONTOH SOAL
1

Seperti data yang terlihat pada


Gambar disamping. Pasir

HITUNG DAN GAMBARKAN h1 = 2 m γ = 17.5 kN/m3


DIAGRAM TEKANAN AKTIF DAN
PASIF DENGAN CARA RANKINE. γsat = 20.31 kN/m3
c = 0
BERAPA GAYA GESER TOTALNYA Ø = 35º
h2 = 2 m

h3 = 2 m Lempung γ = 17.5 kN/m3


γsat = 19.81 kN/m3
h4 = 1 m c = 20 kN/m2
Ø = 10º

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory
SOLUSI -
1

Pa1

Pa2
Pa3

Pa7
Pa5
Pa4
Pa6

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory
SOLUSI -
1
Ka = tg2 (45º - Ø/2)

Ka1 = 0.27
Ka2 = 0.7
2cVKa2 = 33.6 kN/m2

No. Diagram Rumus Uraian Perhitungan Pa (kN/m')

Pa1 (1/2 . γ 1 . h1) Ka1.h1 0.50 x 17.5 x 2 x 0.27 x 2 9.48

Pa2 (γ 1 . h1) Ka1.h2 17.5 x 2 x 0.27 x 2 18.97

Pa3 (1/2 . γ' 1 . h1) Ka1.h1 0.5 x 10.5 x 2 x 0.27 x 2 5.69

Pa4 (γ 1 . h1)+(γ ' 1 .h2) Ka2.h2 (( 17.5 x 2 ) +( 10.5 x 2 )) x 0.70 x 2 78.86

Pa5 - 2C. h2. ka1/2 -2 x 20 x 2 x 0.8391 (67.13)

Pa6 (1/2 . γ' 2 . h2) Ka2.h2 0.5 x 10 x 2 x 0.70 x 2 14.08

Pa7 (1/2 . γ w . (h1+h2)) (h1+h2) 0.5 x 9.81 x ( 2 + 2 ) x ( 2 + 2 ) 78.48

Pa 138.44
SOLUSI -
1
Kp = tg2 (45º + Ø/2)

Kp = 1.42

Pp

No. Diagram Rumus Uraian Perhitungan Pp (kN/m')

Pp (1/2 . γ . h) Kp.h 0.50 x 17.5 x 1 x 1.42 x 1 12.43

Pp 12.43

Gaya Pergeseran Total = Pa – Pp = 138.44 - 12.43 = 126.01 kN/m’

LATERAL EARTH PRESSURE


By : Fuad Harwadi
RANKINE Earth Pressure Theory

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