Image Reconstruction for

Small PET System

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Outlines

• Image variation with detector spacing

• Image Variation with Voxel sixe

• V1(0.75x0.75x0.5)

• V2(0.375x0.375)

• Image of real 4 x4 Detector

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Image Reconstruction for a large Data Set
Phantom:
A cylinder placed along the X-Axis.
Radius=10mm Height=40mm location center of the mother volume.
Sources:
S1: Activity 986640 decays per secondsx400, R=1.2mm, height=16 mm
Coordinates (0,0,0)
S2: Activity 586640 decays per secondsx400, R=1.1mm, height=4 mm
Coordinates (0.0,-5.0,0)
S3: Activity=586640, decays per secondsx400, R=1.1mm, height=5 mm,
Coordinates (0.0,5.0,0)
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 Voxel size=0.8x0.8x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

S3 S3

Y
S1 S1

S2 S2

Source Diameter=2.4 mm + (Expected limit range of

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Positron=1 mm)=3.4mm
 Iteration=10 Iteration=10

Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3 Voxel size=0.375x0.375x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

S3 S3

S1 S1

S2 S2

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 Source and Phantom Description
Phantom
Volume : Cylinder
Material: Water
Diameter 20mm
Height 40mm

Source
Activity 90000*100
Diameter 14 mm
Height 20 mm
Particle Type Positron
Isotope Oxygen-15
Volume: Cylinder
Diameter of Cylinder 14 mm +(1mm+1mm Positron
Range) 16mm=18 voxels without including range effect
20 voxels out of 32 considering (0.75x0.75 mm)
37 and 42 voxels without and with positron range in case
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of (0.375 x0.375)mm
Images by Change in detector spacing Voxel size=0.8x0.8x0.5 𝑚𝑚3
Detector Spacing =6cm
Detector Spacing =4 cm
3 cm
Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3 Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

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27-7=20 voxels
 Detector Spacing =4cm Detector Spacing =3cm

Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

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Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3 Voxel size=0.375x0.375x0.5 𝑚𝑚3
32x32 Voxels 64x64 Voxels

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 Iteration#2 Iteration#2

Voxel size=0.8x0.8x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

32x32 Voxels

20 Voxels
51-12=38 or 39 voxels

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 Iteration =3 Iteration =3
Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3
32x32 Voxels Voxel size=0.375x0.375x0.5 𝑚𝑚3
64x64 Voxels

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 Iteration# 10
Iteration#10

Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚 3 Voxel size=0.375x0.375x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

32x32 Voxels 64x64 Voxels

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Accounting the time of Flight Information
Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3 TOF Image
Voxel size=0.75x0.75x0.5 𝑚𝑚3
time resolution=10 ps

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Point source
• Point source Diameter =0.5mm

• Phantom for the point source= 10 mm

• If we include the positron range effect, extended size should be 2.5

mm ( Expected number of voxels(6 )).

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Voxel
size=0.375x0.375x0.5
𝑚𝑚3 64x64 Voxels

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Energy Spectrum of the Point source

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NEXT
• Data have scattered and Random Coincidences

• Voxels Size

• Detector is also small

• Accurate System Response Matrix

• SRM with DOI

• SRM with Gate Simulations

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Detector Schematic
Source Properties

• Source Na22

• Diameter 25 cm Double of the detector size

• Height 0.5 m

• We are not very sure about the position of the phantom and the
separation been the detector planes precisely.

• We are not sure about the actual size of the isotope strip inside the
Na22 source

Following Data Files are used

• One from Calibration run 25 mm

• One from the simulated data 18

Reconstructed Image from the simulated Data

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Image for 4 by 4 Detector with real data
Detector Separation 6 cm Geometric SRM Detector Separation 6 cm Geometric SRM

Voxel size=0.8x0.8x0.5 𝑚𝑚3 Voxel size=0.8x0.8x0.5 𝑚𝑚3

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Backup

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Image Reconstruction Algorithm and Detector geometry

Maximum Likelihood Estimation Method 22

Detection Efficiency and sensitivity
Detection Efficiency alone the Y dimension

Sensitivity of PET: Total number of coincidences to total detected events.

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Distribution of Crystal Ids

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Detector Evaluation
• Detector Efficiency
• Detector Sensitivity
Sensitivity of PET: Total number of coincidences to total events.
(Prompt coincidences) include all kind of coincidences and Random
True coincidences)
True Coincidences: EventID of first single is equal to EventID of second
single and no Compton scattering inside the phantom.
Random Coincidences: Comes in coincidence window but EventID of
one single is not equal to the EventID of second single.

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