DEFINITION OF REACTION/RESPONSE

PAPER

 According to WikiHow, it “requires the

writer to analyze a text, then develop
commentary related to it. It is popular
academic assignment because it requires
thoughtful reading, research, and
writing.”
 Written discourse which express the
writer’s reaction to a certain piece of
writing or a response to an event,
incident program, project, etc.

 Primarily subjective, because it manifests

writer’s ideas and emotion’s regarding a
certain thing, it is still objective because
it is based on facts.
 FACTS, OPINIONS, CLAIMS

FACTS- truth, a reality, or a thing that exist or

existed
OPINION- person’s view, appraisal, or judgment
about, or attitude toward a certain thing.
CLAIMS-evaluative statements

Another task of a reader is to CRITICIZE what

he reads- to analyze and evaluate, to judge the
merits and the demerits of the reading material
 These evaluative statements come in these
forms:

1. CLAIMS or ASSERTIONS ABOUT THE CONTENT AND

PROPERTIES OF A TEXT READ.
 Statements about the length and complexity of the text,
its structure and organization, readership, authorship, the
author’s writing style, language, diction, point of view, and
similar items.

2. MEANINGFUL COUNTERCLAIMS IN RESPONSE TO

CLAIMS MADE IN A TEXT.
 This include the reader’s claims (fact, policy and value)
that counteract the claims made by the author in his text.
SOURCES TO SUPPORT CLAIMS
1. PRIMARY SOURCES
 are those provide first—hand information to
the researcher; these include persons,
organizations, plants and animals, artifacts,
documents and the like.
2. SECONDARY SOURCES
 Are those provide second-hand information to
the researcher; these include books, periodicals
(newspapers and magazines).
 Note: internet or online materials is not included
among primary sources.
LANGUAGE USE
 This is associated with register
 REGISTER – a term many modern linguist use to
describe what is also known as “style”: that is the
variations in language which reflect such factors of
“use” whether the language used is spoken or
written, formal or informal, everyday or belonging
to a particular occupation.
 Definedas the way a speaker uses language
differently in various circumstances.
 VARIATIONS IN FORMALITY/STYLISTIC VARIATION
 EXAMPLES:

1. Hey Kid, nice to meet ya. What’s up?

2. Hello
young man. It is a true pleasure to
make your acquaintance. How are you
feeling today?
 REGISTER MAY BE IDENTIFIED AND DEFINED IN
TERMS OF THREE DIMENSIONS:
1. FIELD- associated with occupational varieties,
also known as jargons.
2. TENOR- associated with the participants and
their relationship in the communication
situation/social roles and the personal
relationship between them.
3. MODE- associated with the medium or channel
of communication that is primarily written or
spoken.
 How do you present your views when
you are writing a reaction paper?

Have you experienced to review and

to criticize a literary material,
magazine, article and a film or movie
with favorable and unfavorable views?
A general view must be arrived after
weighing the two sets of views.

 Ifthere is a preponderance of the positive

views, then the overall impression is
favorable.

 Ifthere is a preponderance of the negative

views, then the overall impression is
unfavorable.
APPROACHES IN
WRITING A CRITIQUE
Asuncion David-Maramba
 CULTURAL APPROACH

 Concerned about the culture of the race or

group described in the selection.
 MATERIAL CULTURE- consists of the group’s tools,
implements, objects artifacts, and other items
that have physical existence.
 NON-MATERIAL- culture which consists of the
group’s language, religions, beliefs, laws,
folkways, customs, traditions, and other items
that have no physical existence.
FORMALISTIC or LITERARAY APPROACH
 Focuses on the structure or form of the reading
selection.
 Poetic or prose narrative----concerns with the
elements: setting, characters, plot, theme, point of
view, conflict, symbolism and so on.
 Poem---(denotative and connotative meaning, figures
of speech, imageries, symbols and etc.,) sounds:
(rhyme and rhythm) structure: (horizontal and
vertical measures, parallelism, ellipsis, etc.)
 Essay---organizations, structure, style or author’s
manner of writing, point of view and diction.
HISTORICAL APPROACH
 Deals with events having historical
significance

 Some selections are based on actual

happenings but some writers modify real
occurrence to create fiction.

 Thisapproach is especially useful if the

selection emphasizes an event having great
importance or influence or impact.
IMPRESSIONISTIC APPROACH

 What makes a reading selection

memorable is the primary concern
 Looks for that thing regarding the
selection which makes a lasting imprint
in his mind
 Looks for the unforgettable in the
selection
 Example: your impression to the
protagonist.
MORAL or HUMANISTIC APPROACH

 concerned about morals or morality of

a character or of his acts studies a
reading selection moralistically or
humanistically
 whether a character is moral or
immoral or whether his act is good or
evil is what matters
PSYCHOLOGICAL APPROACH

 investigateson the mental framework of the

author as he wrote the reading selection or
on the psychological make-up of one or some
of the characters in the narrative
 attempts to understand the behavior/s of
the character/s in the context
 tries to answer: what factors must have
caused him/them to act or behave in a
certain manner?
 SOCIOLOGICAL APPROACH

 concerned about the societal problems or

social relationships
 examines the kind of relationship that exists
between two characters, the degree of such
relationship, and the factors that lead to their
good/bad relationship
 looksinto the problem affecting in the society
described in the selection, its causes and its
impact on the characters interacting in it.
 Several School of
Thought of Literary
Criticism
(C. John Holcombe,2007)
 A literary critic depends on the
life story of the author in doing
his critical analysis.

Investigates on the extent of

influence of his life or his
experiences on his work.

1.) Biographical Criticism

A literary critic is guided by his
knowledge of science processes
to explain how the narrative is
structured.

2.) Cognitive Scientific Criticism

Opposed to formalistic or structural
criticism, this criticism involves not
the manner by which the reading
selection was formed or constructed. It
begins with the assumption that the
world is unknowable and that language
is unstable, elusive, and unfaithful.

3.) Deconstruction/Deconstructive/Post-
structuralist Criticism
Concerns with the form or structure
of the reading selection in doing
critical analysis. Comments are on
the elements of a given literary
piece.

4.) Formalistic Criticism or New Criticism or Structural Criticism

Comments on the treatment of
the female, gays, or lesbians in
the reading selection.

5.) Gender Criticism (Feminist, LGBT Criticism)

Deals with the past events and
criticizes the manner by which
the events influenced the
reading selection.

6.) Historical Criticism

Investigates the positive and
negative responses of the
readers to the reading selection
holistically or analytically.

7.) Impressionistic or Reader-response Criticism

Focuses on the etymology or
origin of the words by the writer.
Concerned of the linguistic
aspect.

8.) Linguistic or Rhetorical Criticism

Centers on the struggles of the
working class to upgrade their
living standards.

9.) Marxist Criticism

Delves on moral and ethical
issues affecting the reading
selection.

10.) Moral or Ethical Criticism

Emphasizes the role of
archetypes in the production of
the reading selection.

11.) Myth Theory or Archetypal Criticism

Deals with the manner by which
politics, political systems, political
parties, and the like that affect the
lives of the characters in the story
or the ideology of the writer.

12.) Political Criticism

Deals with Seigmund Freud’s
concept of fantasies and dreams and
how these affect the psychology of
the character in the reading
selection or of the same selection.

13.) Psychoanalytic Criticism or Freudian Criticism

Deals with Carl Jung’s concept of
analysis of the character’s
psychology.

14.) Psychological Criticism or Jungian Criticism

Investigates the way society
affects the lives of the
characters in the reading
selection.

15.) Sociological Criticism

Concerned with the manner by
which the writer presents his
ideas in the reading selection.

16.) Stylistic Criticism