INNOVATIVE BUILDING MATERIALS

BY Vijay Kumar M.V

8th Sem B.E
USN : 1EW12CV114
COLLEGE : EWIT

MENTOR: MAMATHA A
 CONTENTS
• INTRODUCTION

• TRANSLUCENT CONCRETE
• BENDABEL CONCRETE
• CONCRETE CANVAS
• SELF REPARING CEMENT
• UNFIRED CLAY BRICKS
• LIQUID GARNITE
• TRANSPERENT ALUMINIUM
• RICHLITE
• FLEXICOMB
• CARBON FIBER
• RADIANT BARRIERS
• LOW-E GLASS FILMS
• Solar shingle
• ULTRA TOUCH JEANS INSULENT
• PAPER INSULATION
• KINETIC GLASS
• SENSI TILE
• ELECTRIFIED WOOD

CONCLUSION
 Introduction
Nowadays many new emerging innovative
building materials are being invented and
many new materials are being in research .
New innovative thinking and new invention is
necessary to save our valuable time and
energy. Some of the innovative materials are
included below.
 Translucent concrete
• Translucent concrete is a concrete based building
material with light transmissive properties due to
embedded light optical elements.
• Light is conducted through the stone from one
end to the other.
• It is usually made of optical fiber.
• Optical fiber consists of three layers called as
core, cladding and buffer coating or jacket. The
light is transmitted through the core of the
optical fiber.
• Thickness of the optical fibers varies between 2
µm and 2 mm to suit the particular requirements
of light transmission.
• Transparent concrete is produced by mixing
4% to 5% (by volume) optical fibers in the
concrete mixture. This concrete has less
weight compared to original concrete.

• Transparent concrete is manufactured using

fine materials only. It does not contain coarse
aggregates. This concrete can have the
compressive strength of that of high strength
concrete around 70 Mpa.
 Advantages of Transparent Concrete:

• it can transmit light from natural as well as

artificial sources, the building can have fewer
lights to meet its demand for lighting. Thus saving
huge energy cost.

• This concrete can also be used cold countries to

transmit heat with sunlight.

• The light transmitting property makes them

appear fresh open and spacious.
 BENDABLE CONCRETE

• Engineered Cementitious Composite (ECC),

also called bendable concrete.
• As long as a cementitious material is designed
based on micromechanics and fracture
mechanics theory to feature large tensile
ductility, it can be called an ECC.
• The development of an individual mix design
of BC requires special efforts by engineers at
nano-, micro-, macro- and composite scales.
• A new type of fiber-reinforced(2%) concrete.
• BC has a strain capacity in the range of 3–
7%, compared to 0.1% for ordinary portland
cement (OPC).
• This new concrete is around 500 times more
resistant to cracking than regular.
• the fibers create many microcracks with a
very specific width, rather than a few very
large cracks.This allows BC to deform without
catastrophic failure.
• This microcracking behavior leads to
superior corrosion resistance.

• Lightweight (i.e. low density) BC have been

developed through the addition of air voids, glass
bubbles, polymer spheres, and lightweight
aggregate.

• Compared to other lightweight concretes,

lightweight ECC has superior ductility.
Applications include floating homes, barges, and
canoes.
 Concrete Canvas
• Concrete Canvas is a flexible cement impregnated
fabric that hardens on hydration to form a thin, durable
water proof and fire proof concrete layer.

• CC consists of a 3-dimensional fibre matrix containing a

specially formulated dry concrete mix. A PVC backing
on one surface of the material ensures the material is
water proof

• The material can be hydrated either by spraying or by

being fully immersed in water. Once set, the fibres
reinforce the concrete, preventing crack propagation
and providing a safe plastic failure mode.
• CC is available in man portable rolls for
applications with limited access or where heavy
plant equipment is not available.
• hydrated, CC remains workable for 2 hours and
hardens to 80% strength within 24 hours.

Properties
• Rapid hardening
• Flexible
• Strong
• Durable
• Water Proof
• Fire Proof
• CO2 Savings
• CC is available in 3 thicknesses: CC5, CC8 and
CC13, which are 5, 8 and 13mm thick
respectively.
• CC is used in a variety of civil infrastructure
applications, such as ditch lining, slope
protection and capping secondary
containment bunds.
 SELF REPARING CEMENT

• It was the microbiologist Hendrik Jonker set his mind

thinking about how the body can heal bone through
mineralization, he looked into whether a similar
method could be used with concrete. By mixing it with
limestone-producing bacteria, he found that any cracks
that formed in the concrete were patched over. For this
invention, Jonker is now a finalist for the European
Inventor Award 2015.
• The bacteria, either Bacillus
pseudofirmus or Sporosarcina pasteurii, are
found naturally in highly alkaline lakes near
volcanoes, and are able to survive for up to a
staggering 200 years without oxygen or food.

• They are activated when they come into

contact with water and then use the calcium
lactate as a food source, producing
limestone that, as a result, closes up the
cracks.
• The cement is mixed with microcapsules
containing (the bacteria, either Bacillus
pseudofirmus or Sporosarcina pasteurii )
that release a glue-like epoxy resin that will
automatically repair any cracks that form in
the sidewalk or roadway.

• In addition to this,cement will have the ability

to regulate heat.
 UNFIRED CLAY BRICKS:

• Unfired bricks are created using earth materials

and are air-dried instead of fired like conventional
bricks.
• Bricks are air dried after manufacture to reduce
shrinkage and improve strength.

• Traditional forms of unfired clay bricks (cob

blocks, adobe and mudbricks) are generally made
by hand and as a result, have variable dimensions
and other properties.
• In most cases, modern unfired clay bricks are
produced in commercial fired brick
manufacturing plants using similar materials
to fired bricks, but without putting the bricks
through the firing process. This significantly
reduces the energy used in manufacture .

• research has indicated that unfired bricks

have 14% of the embodied energy of fired
bricks and 25% of the embodied energy of
concrete blocks.
• Because of the environmental and financial cost of
using materials in construction, it is preferable to
reduce the wall thickness to approximately 100mm
for internal partitions .

• Thinner walls also reduce the structural loading and

increase available space inside buildings.

• It is Eco-friendly and with additional construction

properties .

• This has the benefit of reducing the energy used in

manufacturing of bricks.
 LIQUID GRANITE
• Liquid Granite is a new material developed by
Sheffield Hallam University.

• The material is a light weight and has the same load

bearing capacity of cement, but is made of recycled
materials.

• Liquid Granite is not only fire-resistant beyond 1,100

degrees Celsius , It can also withstand high
temperatures for longer periods .

• It has Moisture resisting properties.

• Liquid Granite provides a 'green' alternative to
natural stone without compromising on
durability, quality or looks.
• Liquid Granite does not spall in a fire situation
like normal concrete hence it can be used in
power plants, commercial buildings can offer
added time for evacuation in case of an
emergency.
 Transparent Aluminum
• US Naval Research Laboratory scientist Dr. Jas
Sanghera who described it as “actually a mineral, it’s
magnesium aluminate.
• The advantage is it’s so much tougher, stronger, harder
than glass. It provides better protection in more hostile
environments—so it can withstand sand and rain
erosion.”
• Extremely durable crystalline material with excellent
optical transparency.
• To be used windows, domes, plates, rods and tubes in a
wide range of sizes and thicknesses.
• Excellent clarity.
• Available in a wide variety of sizes, shapes and
thicknesses.
• Produced using proven ceramic forming
processes.
• Readily scaled up to high volumes
• Cost effective advanced material solution
• Applicable to a wide variety of industries
including aerospace, bulletproof glass.
 RICHLITE

• It is a dense material made from partially

recycled paper and phenolic resin.
• The paper is soaked in phenolic resin, then
molded and baked into net shape in a heated
form or press.
• 70 percent of the material is made with
recycled paper.
• It has a very high strength and has resistance
to High temperature up to 350 F .
• The composition of Richlite is cellulose fiber
and phenolic resin.
• The natural fibers are made from plant,
animal and mineral sources.
• However most natural fibers are
predominantly cellulose structure made up of
continuous hydrogen and oxygen bonds.
• Richlite is used in skateboard parks as well as
various other applications, such as residential
counters, fibreglass cores, guitar fingerboards,
and limited architectural purposes.

• phenolic resin and cellulose based compound

materials have been used as an alternative to
ebony and rosewood to make stringed
instrument fingerboards.
 FLEXICOMB

• The Flexicomb's name describes it quite

well.
• Designed by PadLab's Dan Gottleib .
• Flexicomb is designed fusing thousands
of closely packed polypropylene tubes on
one end to form a flexible honeycomb.
• Flexicomb is flexible, bouncy, and fun.
• This porous, translucent material transmits
light effectively, and it can be bent, sprung,
and compressed to form sculptural
installations, lamps, desktop accessories, and
furniture prototypes.
• this translucent and tactile material bends in
the convex direction and remains rigid when it
is concave.
• Flexicomb is made from drinking straws.
 Carbon Fiber
• Carbon fiber is made up of carbon strands that
are thinner than human hair.
• The strands can be woven together, like cloth,
and then that can be molded to any shape.
• Carbon fiber is an extremely strong, lightweight
material.
• It's five times as strong as steel, two times as
stiff, yet weighs about two-thirds less.
• To produce a carbon fiber, the carbon atoms
are bonded together in crystals that are more
or less aligned parallel to the long axis of the
fiber as the crystal alignment gives the fiber
high strength-to-volume ratio.

• The properties of carbon fibers, such as high

stiffness, high tensile strength, low weight,
high chemical resistance, high temperature
tolerance and low thermal expansion, make
them very popular in aerospace, civil
engineering, and military.
• Carbon fibers are usually combined with other
materials to form a composite.
• When combined with a plastic resin and
moulded it forms carbon-fiber-reinforced
polymer which has a very high strength-to-
weight ratio, and is extremely rigid although
somewhat brittle.
• However, carbon fibers are also composited
with other materials, such as with graphite to
form carbon-carbon composites, which have a
very high heat tolerance.
• In 1879, Thomas Edison baked cotton threads
or bamboo slivers at high temperatures
carbonizing them into an all-carbon fiber
filament used in one of the first incandescent
light bulbs to be heated by electricity.[1] In
1880, Lewis Latimer developed a reliable
carbon wire filament for the incandescent
light bulb, heated by electricity.
 Radiant Barriers
• Radiant barriers are installed in homes -- usually in attics --
primarily to reduce summer heat gain and reduce cooling costs.

• The barriers consist of a highly reflective material that reflects

radiant heat rather than absorbing it.

HOW THEY WORK

• Heat travels from a warm area to a cool area by a combination of

conduction, convection, and radiation. Heat flows by conduction
from a hotter location within a material to a colder location.
• Radiant heat travels in a straight line away from any
surface and heats anything solid that absorbs its
energy.

• Radiant barriers consist of a highly reflective material,

usually aluminum foil, which is applied to one or both
sides materials such as kraft paper, plastic films,
cardboard, oriented strand board.

• Radiant barriers work by reducing radiant heat gain. To

be effective, the reflective surface must face an air
space.

• Dust accumulation on the reflective surface will reduce

its reflective capability. The radiant barrier should be
installed in a manner to minimize dust accumulation on
the reflective surface.
• A radiant barrier works best when it is
perpendicular to the radiant energy striking it.
Also, the greater the temperature difference
between the sides of the radiant barrier
material, the greater the benefits a radiant
barrier can offer.
• advantages

• Can be applied anywhere in attic space of

house
• Keeps heat out in summer, warmth in
during winter.
• radiant barriers can reduce cooling costs 5%
to 10% when used in a warm, sunny climate.
 Low-E Glass / Films
• Low-emissive (Low-E) glass is window glass that has
been treated with an invisible metal or metallic oxide
coating, creating a surface that reflects heat, while
allowing light to passthrough.
• Windows treated with Low-E coatings are proven to
reduce energy consumption, decrease fading of fabrics,
such as window treatments, and increase overall
comfort in your home.
• During cold weather, the insulating effect of windows
has a direct impact on how the interior space feels. The
better the window’s insulating performance, the
warmer the room feels in cold weather.
• These window films are installed on the interior of the
window.
• Conventional low-e window film has an emissivity
rating of 0.33, which means that 67% of the room’s
heat is reflected back into the room in the winter.
• a low-e material such as aluminum foil has a thermal
emissivity/absorptance value of 0.03 and as an opaque
material the thermal reflectance value must be 1.0 -
0.03 =0.97, meaning it reflects 97 percent of radiant
thermal energy and keeps building cooler during
summer.
 Solar shingle
• solar shingles are regarded more often today
as a good alternative to the traditional solar
panel. Unlike larger solar panels, solar shingles
blend in nicely with the rest of your roof.
• solar shingles, also called photovoltaic shingles,
are solar panels designed to look like and
function as conventional roofing
materials. such as asphalt shingle or slate,
while also producing electricity.
• Solar shingles are a type of solar energy solution
known as building-integrated photovoltaics
or BIPV.
• Transform the sun’s energy into usable
electricity to power your home.
• Two large manufacturers lead the field in this
industry: Dow and CertainTeed.
 Ultra Touch Jeans Insulation

• UltraTouch is made from high-quality natural

fibers. These fibers contain inherent qualities
that provide for extremely effective sound
absorption and maximum thermal performance

• It is light weight and this method reduces landfill

waste.
• Manufactured by Bonded Logic, Inc.,
UltraTouchTM Denim Insulation is made from post-
consumer recycled denim.

• Environmentally safe, non-itch insulation

• No carcinogenic warnings, formaldehyde, or chemical
irritants.
• Extraordinary thermal performance
• 30% better sound absorption than traditional fiberglass
insulation.
• Contains active mold/mildew inhibitor.
• UltraTouch requires a minimal amount of energy to
manufacture aiding the environment with energy
conservation and reduction in pollution compared to
other types of traditional insulation.
 Paper Insulation
• Made from recycled newspapers and
cardboard.
• Superior alternative to chemical foams.
• Both insect resistant and fire-retardant (Due
to the inclusion of borax, boric acid, and
calcium carbonate)
• Can be blown into cavity walls, filling every
crack No health Problems.
 KINETIC GLASS (Living Glass)

• Living Glass, which was developed by

architects Soo-in Yang and David Benjamin,
is a smart material is a transparent surface
that automatically opens and closes gill-like
slits in response to human presence to
control the air quality in the room.
• Living glass monitors CO2 levels in the air
around you
• It is made of a cast silicone that has been slit
and embedded.
• The Living glass uses microprocessors
rather than motors to collect information
about the environment
• The gills would open to allow airflow when
needed thus maintaining a healthy air status
quality.
• This will play a very important role in
hospitals, especially the ICU where air quality
is important for the well-being of patients.
 SENSI TILE
o If you walk across your kitchen
floor to get something from
the refrigerator, the floor
twinkles with lighted path that
guides your way through the
dark room.

o The concrete of the tiles is

embedded with acrylic fiber-
optic channels that transfer
light from one point to
another.

o As shadows move tile surface,

the light channels flickers.
 ELECTRIFIED WOOD

• This European-designed material

incorporates a source of electricity
directly into tables and chairs.
• If Two metal layers are pressed
between the wood of the furniture,
making it possible to pass an
electrical current through the whole
thing.
• The 12-volt power is fed to the
metal layers via one connector, and
lamps, and other devices can be
connected via the other.
 Conclusion

These new emerging building materials should be

replaced with the old ones to improve and helps
in Recycling of the materials and save energy and
make our country pollution free. If These
materials are used in construction we can save
time , money and energy . So more new
innovative materials should be created and make
construction of the building simpler with more
strength.