INTRODUCTION TO THE

STUDY OF RIZAL'S
LIFE,
WORKS, AND
WRITINGS
Rizal Law and the Teaching of the Rizal Course

 REPUBLIC ACT 1425

-Otherwise known as the Rizal Law

-It mandates the teaching of the life, works and writings of Rizal in all
schools in the country.

-Authorized and fought for by Claro M. Recto

 CLARO M. RECTO

REPUBLIC ACT 1425

-Otherwise known as the Rizal Law
-It mandates the teaching of the life, works
and writings of Rizal in all schools in the
country.
Sen. Jose P. Laurel
• He sponsored the said law.
• He stated that Rizal was the
founder of the Filipino nation, there
is a need to know and imbibe the
great ideals and principles for which
he died.
Objectives as stated in the policy
statement of the Rizal law enacted in
1956:
• To rededicate the lives of the youth
to the ideals of freedom and
nationalism, for which our heroes
lived and died.
• To pay tribute to our national hero for devoting his life and works in shaping the
Filipino character.
• To gain an inspiring source of patriotism thru the study of Rizal's life, works, and
writings.
Goals in the teaching of Rizal Course
 • To recognize the relevance of Rizal's ideals,
thoughts, teachings, and life values to
present conditions in the community.
 • To apply Rizal's ideas in the solution of day-
to-day situatios and problems in
contemporary life.
 • To develop an understanding and
appreciation of the qualities, behavior and
character of Rizal.
 • To foster the development of moral character,
personal discipline, citizenship and
vocational efficiency among the Filipino youth.
 • In the Philippines our national
hero, Jose Rizal was not a man of
war but a man of peace.
 • Why not Bonifacio, considering
that he led the revolution of 1896
against Spain?
 • Who chose Rizal to be our
country's national hero?
 • Why is Rizal our greatest national
hero?
Understanding the concept of “HERO”
 • A prominent or central
personage taking an admirable
part in any remarkable action
or event. (Webster Dictionary)
 • A man honored after death by
public worship, because of
exceptional service to
mankind.
 •CONSTANTINO (1969) claims
that Rizal was an American-
Sponsored hero.
 • The TAFT COMMISSION of 1901
stated that, not the Filipino
people chose Rizal to become
our
 • The contenders for the title
then as National Hero were:
Rizal, Aguinaldo, Bonifacio,
Mabini.
The decision to sponsor Rizal was implemented with the
enactmentof the ff. legislations by the Philippine
Commission
 • ACT # 137 - which organized
a politico-military district
and named it as the province
of Rizal in honour of the most
illustrious Filipino.
 • ACT # 243 - which authorized
a public subscription for the
erection of a monument in
honor of Rizal at Luneta.
 • ACT # 345 - which set aside
the anniversary of Rizal's
death as a day of observance.
 • Agoncillo (1986) - pointed out that
Rizal was acceptable as a national hero
to the Americans because he was a
symbol of assimilation, which was the
American Policy then in the
Philippines.
 • Unfortunately, there are still some
Filipinos who entertain the belief that
our Rizal is a "made-to-order" national
hero, and that the maker or
manufacturer in this case were the
Americans, particularly Civil Governor
William Howard Taft.
 • Rizal himself, his own people, and
the foreigners all together contributed
to make him the greatest hero & martyr
of his people.
 Renato Constantino
• Said that there were other factors,
which contributed to Rizal's
acceptability as the official hero of
the Philippines:
• Rizal was already dead at the
time the Americans began their
aggression in the Philippines.
• No embarrassing anti-American
quotations could ever be attributed
to Rizal.
• Rizal's dramatic martyrdom had
already made him the symbol of
Spanish oppression.
In the words of Constantino (1969)
Rizal is a hero in the sense that;
• He was able to see the problems generated by historical forces,
discern the new social needs created by the historical development
of new social relationship, and take an active part in meeting these
needs.
• He served the Filipino people by consciously articulating the
unconscious course of events.
 Leon Maria Guerrero
• Asserts that it is the Filipinos who have
chosen Rizal to be the symbol of our
country nationalism as a people even
before he died. In choosing Rizal as our
Filipino national hero, a number of
conclusions can be drawn:

• Since the Filipinos loce peace, they

have chosen to magnify a man of peace
above the men of war.
• Because Filipinos are lovers of freedom
and justice, they have given their
worship to a man who gave up all
comforts and pleasures of peace for
their sake.
• Filipinos prize virtue more than victory,
and sacrifices above success.
To Guerrero(1998), Rizal was a Filipino, because;
• It was Rizal who first called the philippines his fatherland.
• It was he who taught his countrymen that they could be something
else, Filipinos who were members of the Filipino nation.
• He was the first to work towards the unification of the philippines
archipelago into a compact and homogenous body based on common
interests and mutual protection.
Marguerite J. Fisher
EVEN CALLED RIZAL THE PIONEER
EXPONENT OF LIBERAL DEMOCRACY IN
ASIA. THESE IDEAS INCLUDE THE
FOLLOWING:

• The worth and dignity of the

individual.
• The inviolability of human
rights.
• The innate equality of all
men and races.
• The necessity for
constitutional government.
• Due process of law.
• Popular sovereignty as the basis of all political authority.
• Faith in human reason and enlightenment.
• The rights of the masses to public education.

• Belief in social progress through freedom.

• Rizal was the first Asian leader to assert that the a forementioned ideas and principles
be established in Asia for the benefit of the Asians.

• It was through Rizal that the basic tenets of modern and social democracy were given
a major voice in Asia for the first time.

• Thus, Rizal deserves to be called the FIRST ASIAN NATIONALIST LEADER.

THE FOUR MAJOR PERIODS IN THE LIFE OF RIZAL
FIRST PERIOD(1861-1872)
 * This was the period when the
young Rizal learned how to
read, write and listen to
stories that triggered
imaginative and critical
thinking in his part.
 *It was a period when the
following values and virtues
were developed in him, such
as: INDUSTRIOUSNESS instead of
IDLENESS; CREATIVENESS instead
of UNPRODUCTIVENESS;
RATIONALITY instead of BLIND
ACCEPTANCE; DIGNITY instead of
SERVILITY
SECOND PERIOD(1872-1882)
*This was the first turning
point in the life of Rizal. He
was 11 years old and was
enrolled at Ateneo Municipal,
despite the objection of his
mother.
*It was the period when Fathers
Gomez, Burgos, and Zamorah were
unjustly executed by the spanish
government.
OTHER SIGNIFICANT DEVELOPMENTS IN HIS LIFE DURING
THIS PERIOD INCLUDE THE FOLLOWING:
• Strengthening of his religious foundation.
• Cultivation of the drive toward excellence.
• Conception of the Philippines as his fatherland.
• Envisioning the Philippines receiving light thru education.
• Perception of the intimate between religion and education.
THIRD PERIOD(1882-1892)
 This was the second major turning point
in the life of Rizal. It was this time
that Rizal decided to leave the
Philippines to escape persecution.
 He went to Europe and everywhere he
went, Rizal was always an observer and
a student, learning from everything he
saw, read and heard.
 He urged the Filipino colony in Spain
to prove that Filipinos can compete
with the Europeans in intellect and
talent.
 During this period, Rizal took part in
the Propaganda Movement, based in
Europe.
FOURTH PERIOD(1892-1896)
 *This was the last turning
point in the life of our
national hero, befire his
martyrdom on December 30,1896.
 *Rizal was exiled in Dapitan.
It was here in Dapitan, where
Rizal demonstrated what an
individual can do and
accomplish within a short
period of time. It was here
where he detached his
connection with politics and
devoted more of his time in
practical service and
usefulness to the community.
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