Professional Documents
Culture Documents
• Protection
– Cushions and insulates and is waterproof
– Protects from chemicals, heat, cold, bacteria
– Screens UV
• Synthesizes vitamin D with UV
• Regulates body heat
• Prevents unnecessary water loss
• Sensory reception (nerve endings)
Anatomy of the Skin
• Is multilayered.
• Contains is superficial layer of dead skin
cells called STRATUM CORNEUM.
• The stratum corneum is composed of cells
called KERATIN.
• Is AVASCULAR (no blood vessels)
• Has no nerve tissue (can’t feel pain)
The 5 strata of keratinocytes in
thick skin
Stratum Germinativum
Figure 5–4
Cells of Stratum Germinativum
• Merkel cells:
– found in hairless skin
– respond to touch (trigger nervous system)
• Melanocytes:
– contain the pigment melanin
– scattered throughout stratum germinativum
Stratum Spinosum
• Flat
• Dense
• Filled with keratin
Stratum Corneum
*
Epidermis and dermis of (a) thick skin and (b) thin skin
(which one makes the difference?)
Subcutaneous Fat and Superficial
Fascia
• The SubQ fat is found deep to the dermis.
• It contains the larger blood vessels of the
skin.
• It is composed of adipose (fat) tissue, a
form of connective tissue.
• Deep to the subQ layer is the fascial layer
that covers the muscles beneath.
Combining Forms
Adip/o
Steat/o
Adip/osis Abnormal condition of fat
Resembling fat
Lip/oid
Tumor of fat
Steat/oma
Cutane/o
Dermat/o
skin
Derm/o
Subcutaneous Pertaining to under the skin
Myc/o fungus
Onychomalacia
softenting of nails
Pil/o
Hair
Trich/o
A Pilonidal cyst
Trichopathy
Means dry
xeroderma
An instrument to cut
skin
Remember, the dermis
contains the hair
follicles, sweat glands,
and sebaceous glands
(oil glands)
The term “diaphoresis” is meant to denote
excessive sweating.
The subcutaneous
tissue forms
lip/o/cytes, or fat
cells.
A suction lipectomy is the
removal of the
subcutaneous fat tissue
using a blunt-tipped
cannula (tube) introduced
into the fatty area
through a small incision.
Suction is then applied
and fat tissue is removed.
Dermat/o/scler/osis
hardening
Disease
skin
fungus
skin
inflammation
A mycodermatitis is an inflammatory
disease of the skin caused by a
fungus. A common example of this is
ATHLETE’S FOOT or TINEA PEDIS.
Test Yourself
Cyan/o Blue
Erythr/o Red
Melan/o Black
Xanth/o Yellow
Leuk/o white
The pigment that causes skin coloration is
MELANIN
Cyanosis or cyanoderma
SOME DISEASE SPECIFICS
• A BASAL CELL CARCINOMA is a type of skin
cancer that affects the basal skin layer of the
epidermis.