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Introduction to Public Administration

Public administration refers to the processes, organizations, and individuals associated with carrying out laws and rules adopted by legislatures, executives, and courts. It includes the policies, procedures, systems, structures, personnel, and other resources funded by the state budget to manage government affairs and interactions. The field of public administration examines all aspects of the government's efforts to implement policies and discharge laws efficiently. It involves both the study of administrative theory and its practical application. Views of public administration have developed over time from a focus on efficiency to recognizing its political and value-laden nature. Current approaches emphasize networks, relationships, and dispersed governance across organizations and sectors.

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56 views13 pages

Introduction to Public Administration

Public administration refers to the processes, organizations, and individuals associated with carrying out laws and rules adopted by legislatures, executives, and courts. It includes the policies, procedures, systems, structures, personnel, and other resources funded by the state budget to manage government affairs and interactions. The field of public administration examines all aspects of the government's efforts to implement policies and discharge laws efficiently. It involves both the study of administrative theory and its practical application. Views of public administration have developed over time from a focus on efficiency to recognizing its political and value-laden nature. Current approaches emphasize networks, relationships, and dispersed governance across organizations and sectors.

Uploaded by

Lanny Guinit
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

AN INTRODUCTION
PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION (PA)
Refers to all the processes, organizations and individuals (acting in
official positions and roles) associated with carrying out laws and
other rules adopted or issued by legislatures, executive or courts

The aggregate machinery (policies, rules, procedures, systems,


organizational structures, personnel, etc) funded by the State budget
and in charge of the management and direction of the affairs of the
executive government and its interaction with other stakeholders in
the State, society and external environment- UNDP
SCOPE AND PURPOSE
Who are public administrators?
the people paid by government

What is the scope of PA?


a. integral- all activities for accomplishing goals, maintaining org.
vitality and defending the org.
b. managerial – PODSCORB (Gulick)
c. field of study – concerned with study of policy formulation,
implementation and evaluation and efficiency in public realm; “what
and how” of government; administrative theory and application
NATURE (Dimock, et al.)
As a study – examines all aspects of government’s efforts to
discharge the laws and to give effects to public policy

As a process – all the steps taken between the time and


enforcement agency assumes jurisdiction and the last break is
placed

As a vocation – organizing and directing the activities of others in


a public agency
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Orthodox or classical period

* the dichotomy between politics (making of policies) and


administration (execution of policies) (Wilson, 1887)
* scientific management , “the one best way” (Taylor, F.,
1911)
* POSDCORB
note: framework of practice of PA
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Fact/ value dichotomy (Study of PA)
* the acquisition of knowledge should be based on fact derived
from empirical research and experimentation
* values should have no place in the study of PA phenomena
(free from normative preferences of people involved)
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Dissent:
study of PA could not be built upon foundation of practice
(Simon,1958)

Satisficing - not optimal but minimum standards of


satisfaction, sufficient for the task at hand
replacing maximizing goal of choice
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
Administrative study as a social science concerns human beings,
characterized by thinking and valuing (Waldo, 1948)
* administration is suffused with values

PA might benefit from a combination of different methodologies


STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
New Public Administration (NPA), 1948
* shift of focus from efficiency to social equity; PA is value-
laden

Strength: exploration of the essentially political nature of public


policy making and implementation and public service
delivery
Criticism: no exploration of the complex sub-processes of the
management of the outputs of the policy process
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
New Public Management (w/in framework of public policy
implementation and public service delivery)
Strength: management of change and innovation
* attention to lessons from private management
* entrepreneurial leadership w/in public service
organizations
* performance management and audit
Criticism: focused only on intraorganizational concerns in a
plural world
STAGES OF DEVELOPMENT
New Public Governance
1. Corporate governance
2. Good governance
3. Public governance
• a. socio-political
b. public policy
c. Administrative
d. contract
e. network governance
CORE ELEMENTS OF PA , NPM , NPG

Paradigm Public Administration New Public New Public Governance


Management
Period Late 19th – early 1980’s start of 21st century since then to present
Nature of the Unitary Regulatory Plural and Pluralist
State
Focus The political system The organization The organization in its
environment
Emphasis Policy creation and Mgt. of org. resource & Negotiation of values,
implementation performance meanings & relationships
Resource Hierarchy The market and Networks and relational
allocation classical or neo- contracts
mechanism classical contracts
Value base Public sector ethos Efficacy of competition Dispersed and contested
and the marketplace
DEBATE

Is PA an ART or SCIENCE?

Are ADMINISTRATORS BORN or TRAINED?

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