University of Zenica, School of

Medicine-Department of Nursing
MUISC 2019
March 26-27, 2019
Istanbul,Turkey

Nursing estimation of the incidence of risk factors for osteoporosis

Amar LJEVAKOVIĆ, Amina IBRAKOVIĆ, Adi HADŽIĆ, Adnan MUJEZINOVIĆ, PhD

Summary
The research focus is to show the frequency of the presence of risk factors for osteoporosis in the vulnerable category and the role of a nurse in
preventing the beginning of the disease and its complications.
In this study that we had conducted, of 50 examinees, 44% of them (22 exeminees) have a very high risk of developing osteoporosis, where we
advised them to urgently report to their physician, while 40% of them (20 exeminees) have very low risk for osteoporosis. Preventively we advised
them and further educate them about measures and steps which they must undertake in the prevention of the disease. The remaining 16% (8
examinees) have an increased risk for osteoporosis and they must consult with their physician so that they can take certain steps in preventing the
disease, before the first signs appear.

Introduction Results and Discussion

Osteoporosis is a chronic progressive bone disease that
Age of respondents
can have serious consequences. It reduces bone density
16%
while destroying the structure of the same. The ultimate 40% Under 60 years
22%
consequence of osteoporosis is a fracture (1). According From 60 to 79 years old
22%
to the Statistical Office of the Republic of Bosnia and From 79 to 89 year old
Herzegovina, there are about 540,000 women in the
postmenopausal age, and if the world standard • The study was conducted in three ambulances of family medicine in Zenica in December 2018, a total of 50
respondents, all of them were women. According to the research we have done, we concluded that the most of
is used, osteoporosis is certainly present in 30 percent of respodents are under 60 years of age (20 of them, 40%), also from 60 to 79 years old (11 of them,22%), from 79
women over age of 50 (2). Nurses who work in primary to 89 years (11 respodents,22%), and finally women above 89 years old (8 of them,16%).
health care participate in the continuous education of How long you are in menopause
patients who are in vulnerable groups.
40% 38% Less then 10 years
From 11 to 17 years
22%
Materials and Methods More the 18 years

The survey included 50 respondents over 50 years of age
by random selection method, with voluntary consent to
the survey. The study was conducted in three
ambulances of family medicine in Zenica in December
2018.
 A modified questionnaire of the Croatian Association
for Osteoporosis was used in the research to estimate
the risks for getting osteoporosis. The data were
processed statistically where the significance of the
variables was shown by the X2 test (p <0.005).
 Depending on the number of points, the poll had a 3
possible results.
The first result was the respondents who had from 0
(zero) to 4 (four) points, they had a very low risk for
osteoporosis. Other score are those who have had 5
(five) or 6 (six) points, and these subjects had an
increased risk for osteoporosis. At last, the third result
were the respondents who had more than 6 (six) points,
and they are placed in a group of people who urgently
need to contact their physician.
• The next parameter we used is menopause. Studies have shown that most respondents are over
18 years in menopausa,40 % (20 of them), followed by 38% (19) of them in menopause less than 10 years and
22% (11 examinees) have been in menopause between 11 and 17 years.
• Of the 50 respondents, 10% (5 exeminees) are on a hormone replacement therapy, while 90% (45 exeminees)
of them did not use it.
• Another parameter we used in the analysis was whether the subjects had a bone fracture after 45 years
without being in a car accident. Most respondents were with a wrist fracture, 39% (11 of them),11% (3 of them)
with a shoulder fracture, 18% (5 respondents) with a hip fracture, while 32% (9 respondents) had a fracture of a
different kind (p<0.005).
Weight of respodents
10%
20% Above 60 kg
70% From 57 kg to 60 kg
Under 57 kg
• Thirty-five (35), or 70% of subjects had more than 60kg, ten (10),or 20% of subjects had between 57 and 60
kg, and 10% ,or five (5) of them had under 57 kg (p>0,005).
• On the question ; "Did the subjects have continuous treatment with corticosteroids?", forty-three (43),or 86%
of them responded negatively, while 14%, (seven,7 exeminees) had used corticosteroids.
• The last question in the survey was ; "Do you suffer from any accompanying illness (hyperthyroidism, chronic
diarrhea, constipation, kidney stones)?". Most of the responses were negative, 60%, or thirty (30) fo them, while
40 %, or twenty (20) respondents answered that they were suffering from one of the diseases above (p<0,005).

44% 40% 40%

From 0 to 4 points 60% POSITIVE ANSWER

16% From 5 to 6 points NEGATIVE ANSWER

More then 6 points

 One answer can be valued from 0 to 3 points.

 The maximum number of points that one answer can
be valued is 3 points
References
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Ultrasound Densitometry. Acta Inform Med. 2013;21(4):274–6.
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osteoporosis in the elderly. Curr Med Res Opin 2009;25(10):2373-2387. PubMed PMID: 19650751.
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