Professional Documents
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Ammunition
Dummy Ammunition
A dummy round is a round of ammunition that is
completely inert, i.e., contains no primer, propellant, or
explosive charge. It is used to check weapon function, and
for crew training
General Types of Ammunition
Drill Ammunition
It is sometimes called as “dummy” although in the strict sense
there is a difference.
Blank Ammunition
It is a cartridge without a bullet, containing gunpowder that is
designed to generate a loud noise to indicate firing.
Live Ammunition
It is the term applied for complete unit of unfired cartridge.
A blank is a charged cartridge that does not contain a
projectile.
Classification of Cartridge
1. Revolver Cartridge
2. Pistol Cartridge
3. Assault rifle or hunting rifle cartridge
4. Shot cartridge
5. Case less cartridge
Revolver Cartridge
It is made of plastic,
and a cap that prevents
from falling. Those
cartridge for firearms
that have no rifling.
According to the location of primer:
Pin – Fire – the pin extends radically through the need of the
cartridge case into the primer.
Rim – fire – the priming mixture is placed in the cavity
formed in the rim of the head of the cartridge case. The flame
produced is in direct communication with the powder charge.
Center – fire – the primer cup is forced into the middle
portion of the head of the cartridge case and the priming
mixture is exploded by the impact of the firing pin. The flame
is communicated to the power charge through the vents
leading into the powder charge.
PIN FIRE
RIM- FIRE
Center- Fire
According to rim diameter:
Rebated type
This refers to a cartridge with a rimless pattern, but
which has a rim diameter smaller than the body of the case.
Belted type
It is a cartridge with a prominent raise belt around its
body just in front of the extraction groove. Purposes: a. to
position the case and the projectile accurately in the chamber
and b. to strengthen the rear of the case for use with high-
powered propelling chargers.
Rebated rim cartridges
have a rim that is
significantly smaller in
diameter than the base of
the case, serving only for
extraction.
The term belted magnum
refers to any caliber
cartridge, generally rifles,
using a shell casing with a
pronounced "belt"
around its base
According to caliber:
Inches mm.
Inches mm.
The full metal jacket bullet became the standard for military ammunition
because the rigid tip feeds reliably into the chamber of semi- and fully
automatic firearms.
Non-Jacketed Bullets
Winchester
Copper jacketed "Silver-tip" Copper plated CCI totally-
full-metal-case bullet nickel-plated steel jacketed metal-jacketed
and cross-section copper jacket bullet bullet
bullet
Lead "Semi-
Round Nose Lead and Full- Lead "Wadcutter" wadcutter"
metal-jacketed bullets bullet bullet
Winchester "Black Talon" bullet
Explosive (fragmentation)
It is a small arms bullet containing a charge of explosive which will detonate
on impact.
High Explosive Incendiary/Armor Piercing Ammunition (HEIAP) is
a form of shell which combines both an armor piercing
capability and a high explosive effect. In this respect it
is a modern version of armor piercing shell. The primary
purpose of these munitions is armor penetration
M80 7.62mm Ball M62 7.62mm Tracer
M995 5.56mm Armor
Cartridge Cartridge Piercing Cartridge
PURPOSE OF BULLETS
1. Base
It is the bottom portion of the cartridge case which
contains the head stamp.
9. Crimp
It is the cylindrical portion of the mouth
of the shell designed for two purpose:
1. to hold the bullet and prevent it from being
pull out from the shell
2. offers resistance to the bullet out of the
neck to ensure burning of the gun powder
10. Vent or Flash Hole
It is the hole at the bottom of the primer pocket serving
as the passage way for the priming mixture to impart an
ignition to the propellant charge.
PRIMER
What is a primer?
Primer is the ignition system of the cartridge used in a center- fire type,
containing a highly sensitive chemical compound that would easily ignite
or burst into flame when struck by the firing pin. It is also known as the
p e r c u s s i o n c u p .
Origin
The term “lock” was the one used during the ancient time when
referring to ignition system.
Disc - is a thin paper or foil which is pressed over the priming mixture in
order to protect it from moisture attack.
Types of Priming Mixture Compound
Corrosive
It contains potassium chlorate which when
ignited it produce moisture causing the formation of
rust in the bore of the firearm.
Non- corrosive
It is designed for less chances of rusting by
replacing the potassium chlorate with barium
nitrate.
Types of Primer
Berdan Type
Boxer Type
Battery Cup
Berdan Primer