UMY KALSOOM

• What is a Nyquist Plot?

Nyquist plot is a plot used mostly in control and signal processing and can be used
to predict the stability and performance of a closed-loop system.
• a polar plot of the frequency response function of a system
• Bode' plots use frequency as the horizontal axis and use two separate plots to display
amplitude and phase of the frequency response
• Nyquist plots display both amplitude and phase angle on a single plot, using frequency as
a parameter in the plot
• Nyquist plots have properties that allow you to see whether a system is stable or
unstable
STEPS
1. Change Transfer Function From “s” Domain To “jw” Domain
• First, If the transfer function G(s) is given in “s” domain, transfer it to “jω” domain.
2. Find The Magnitude & Phase Angle Equations
• Write an equation explaining the Magnitude and Phase Angle of the transfer function
(now in “jω” form) that would look like:

G( j) G( j)

3. Evaluate At Point “0+” and “+∞” points
• Evaluate the magnitude and phase angle equations found above, at ω (omega) values of
“0+” and “+∞” points.
4. Find The Positions of “0+” & “+∞” On The Plot, And Connect Them
EXAMPLE
• Nyquist plot of
20 5
G ( s)  G (s) 
s4 0.25s  1

• Frequency responses
5
G ( j )  and   tan 1 (0.25 )
1  0.0625 2

At
5
 0 G( j 0)  5 and   tan 1 (0)  0
1 0


 
5
G( j)  0   tan 1    tan   
1
and   90
1   1 
 Plot Nyquist G(s)=5/(0.25s+1)

2.5

2 System: sys
System: sys Real: 3.64
1.5 Real: 0.917 Imag: 2.22
Imag: 1.93 Freq (rad/sec): -2.45
1 Freq (rad/sec): -8.46
System: sys System: sys
Real: 0.000335 Real: 5
0.5 Imag: 0
Paksi Khayali

Imag: -0.0409
Freq (rad/sec): 489 Freq (rad/sec): 0
0

-0.5 System: sys

Real: 4.52
-1 Imag: -1.47
System: sys Freq (rad/sec): 1.3
-1.5 Real: 1.24
Imag: -2.16
-2 Freq (rad/sec): 6.98

-2.5
-1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6
Paksi Hakiki
NYQUIST STABILITY

• If open loop Nyquist plot of a feedback system encircles the point (-1, 0) as the
frequency ꙍ takes any value from -∞ to +∞, the closed-loop response is unstable
THANK YOU