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Porter’s Five Forces

Threat of Threat of Bargaining power of Bargaining power of Competitive


new entrants substitutes customers suppliers rivalry

WEAK MODERATE STRONG MODERATE STRONG


 Low Switching Cost –  Low Cost of substitutes  Low Switching Cost – Acts  Number of Suppliers –  Aggressiveness of Firms
Acts positively for a new – Acts positively for a positively for a customer Moderate number of – Acts negatively for the
entrant substitute  Availability of suppliers firm
 High Cost of Brand  Availability of Information – Acts  Size of Suppliers –  Restriction on the
Development – Acts Substitutes – Acts positively for a customer Evenly sized suppliers increase of Price – Acts
negatively for a new negatively for a negatively for the firm
entrant substitute
 High Economies of
Scale – Acts negatively
for a new entrant

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