Academic Writing 1

Departmen of Medical Education and Bioethics

Faculty of Medicine, Public Health, and Nursing
Academic Integrity
Academic integrity is defined by the International Center for
Academic Integrity (ICAI) as a commitment, even in the face of
adversity, to six fundamental values: honesty, trust, fairness,
respect, responsibility, and courage. The values embody the
principles that enable academic communities to translate ideas to
action.

ICAI, 2017
Academic Integrity in UGM
Rector’s Decree No 711 of 2013 article 4, 5 and 6
As a student, you should:
• Maintain academic honesty
• Practise academic activities responsibly
• Respect others’ idea or invention
• Avoid any plagiarism act
Discuss the case in your group
• Divide your group into 2
• Each group discuss on the case (5 minutes)
• Share your result to your groups (10 minutes)
• Discuss on the class (10 minutes)
Part 2
Citing and
Referencing
Technique
HARVARD VANCOUVER
• Author – date system • Numbering system
• Reference list in alphabetical • Reference list depends on the
order number of reference in text

In-text citation type:

a. Information prominent
b. Author prominent
HARVARD STYLE
Example 1: Author-prominent citation
Original Text:
Laterally, at the middle portion of the shaft, there is a roughened, V-shaped area
called the deltoid tuberosity. This area serves as a point of attachment for the
tendons of the deltoid muscle.
Tortora G.J., Derrickson B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley, p.236.

Paraphrased Text:
Tortora & Derrickson (2014) explains that the deltoid tuberosity is a V-shaped region on the
humerus where the deltoid muscle’s tendons are attached.

Reference:
Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley.
Example 2: Information-prominent citation
Original Text:
At the bone surface, periosteal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which secrete
the collagen fibers and other organic molecules that form bone extracellular
matrix
Tortora G.J., Derrickson B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley, p.180

Paraphrased Text:
Bone extracellular matrix including collagen fibres are produced by osteoblasts that can be
found at the bone surface area (Tortora & Derrickson, 2014).

Reference:
Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley.
Harvard Style’s Bibliography
• In the bibliography/reference list using Harvard style, the order
should be sequenced alphabetically without numbering or bullets
• For example:
Reference list
Khosla S, Riggs BL. 1995. Treatment options for osteoporosis. [Internet, cited Aug 2nd 2019]
Rochester: The Mayo Clinics. Available on: https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-
6196(11)64377-2/fulltext.
Marin, C.M., Luyten, F.P., van der Schueren, B., Kerckhofs, G. & Vandamme, K. 2018. The impact of
type 2 diabetes on bone fracture healing. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 9, 6. doi:
10.3389/fendo.2018.00006.
Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley.
 Harvard Style - Book (explanation)
edition
author’s last name Year of Publication (if any) Publisher

Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley

abbreviation of Book Title City of Publication

author’s first names
 Harvard Style - Journal (explanation)

author’s last name abbreviation of article’s

author’s first names Year of Publication title

Marin, C.M., Luyten, F.P., van der Schueren, B., Kerckhofs, G. & Vandamme, K. 2018. The impact of type 2
diabetes on bone fracture healing. Frontiers in Endocrinology, 9, 6. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00006

Journal’s Name Volume pages/article number DOI (if available)

 Harvard Style - Webpage (explanation)
author’s last name abbreviation of Year of access date
Publication page/article’s title
author’s first names

Khosla, S., Riggs, B.L. 1995. Treatment options for osteoporosis. [Internet, cited Aug 2nd 2019]
Rochester: The Mayo Clinics. Available on: https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-
6196(11)64377-2/fulltext.
link to the webpage
City of Publication Publisher
PRACTICE
Original text
A thin layer of reticular connective tissue called the endosteum lines the
internal marrow cavity, covers all the honey-combed surfaces of spongy
bone, and lines a canal system found throughout the compact bone.

Author: Kenneth S. Saladin, Christina A. Gan, Heather N. Cushman

Book Title: Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
Year of Publication: 2018
Edition: 8th ed
City of publication: New York
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Page number: 203
VANCOUVER STYLE
Example 1: Author-prominent citation
Original Text:
Laterally, at the middle portion of the shaft, there is a roughened, V-shaped area
called the deltoid tuberosity. This area serves as a point of attachment for the
tendons of the deltoid muscle.
Tortora G.J., Derrickson B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley, p.236.

Paraphrased Text:
Tortora & Derrickson1 explains that the deltoid tuberosity is a V-shaped region on the
humerus where the deltoid muscle’s tendons are attached.

Reference:
1. Tortora GJ, Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley; 2014.
Example 2: Information-prominent citation
Original Text:
At the bone surface, periosteal cells differentiate into osteoblasts, which secrete
the collagen fibers and other organic molecules that form bone extracellular
matrix
Tortora G.J., Derrickson B. 2014. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley, p.180

Paraphrased Text:
Bone extracellular matrix including collagen fibres are produced by osteoblasts that can be
found at the bone surface area.1

Reference:
1. Tortora GJ, Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley; 2014.
Vancouver Style’s Reference Order
• In the reference list using Vancouver style, the order should be
sequenced based on the order of appearance and be numbered.
• For example:
Reference list
1. Tortora, G.J., & Derrickson, B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley;
2014.
2. Khosla S, Riggs BL. Treatment options for osteoporosis. [Internet, cited Aug 2nd 2019]
Rochester: The Mayo Clinics; 1995. Available on:
https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(11)64377-2/fulltext
3. Marin, C.M., Luyten, F.P., van der Schueren, B., Kerckhofs, G. & Vandamme, K. The impact of
type 2 diabetes on bone fracture healing. Front Endocrinol 2018; 9:6. doi:
10.3389/fendo.2018.00006
Vancouver Style
• Book:
Tortora GJ, Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 14th ed.
Hoboken: Wiley; 2014.
• Journal Article
Marin CM, Luyten FP, van der Schueren B, Kerckhofs G, Vandamme K. The
impact of type 2 diabetes on bone fracture healing. Front Endocrinol 2018;
9:6. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00006
• Internet Webpage
Khosla S, Riggs BL. Treatment options for osteoporosis. [Internet, cited Aug
2nd 2019] Rochester: The Mayo Clinics; 1995. Available on:
https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-6196(11)64377-2/fulltext
 Vancouver Style - Book (explanation)
edition
author’s last name (if any) Publisher

Tortora GJ, Derrickson B. Principles of Anatomy and Physiology. 14th ed. Hoboken: Wiley; 2014

abbreviation of City of Publication Year of

Book Title
author’s first names Publication
 Vancouver Style - Journal (explanation)

author’s last name abbreviation of article’s

author’s first names title

Marin CM, Luyten FP, van der Schueren B, Kerckhofs G, Vandamme K. The impact of type 2 diabetes on bone
fracture healing. Front Endocrinol, 2018;9:6. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2018.00006

Journal’s Name Volume pages/article number DOI (if available)

Year of
(abbreviated)
Publication
 Vancouver Style - Webpage (explanation)
abbreviation of City of Publication
author’s last name page/article’s title access date
author’s first names

Khosla S, Riggs BL. Treatment options for osteoporosis. [Internet, cited Aug 2nd 2019] Rochester:
The Mayo Clinics; 1995. Available on: https://www.mayoclinicproceedings.org/article/S0025-
6196(11)64377-2/fulltext
link to the webpage
Publisher Year of
Publication
PRACTICE
Original text
A thin layer of reticular connective tissue called the endosteum lines the
internal marrow cavity, covers all the honey-combed surfaces of spongy
bone, and lines a canal system found throughout the compact bone.

Author: Kenneth S. Saladin, Christina A. Gan, Heather N. Cushman

Book Title: Anatomy and Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function
Year of Publication: 2018
Edition: 8th ed
City of publication: New York
Publisher: McGraw-Hill
Page number: 203
Using your IT skill to citing and referencing
1. Use the reference tab in your word processor software
2. Employ free online reference manager, such as Mendeley and
Zotero
3. Use reference manager program, such as EndNote, RefWorks
Upload your work to Gamel
• Upload your in session work in the Gamel
• Upload one of your laboratory report in the Gamel (group report)
• The upload will be open until at the end of week 4, Friday, 12.00 AM