System Analysis

and Design
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Presented by: Engr. Bunza

 • Answer the question below:

What is the importance of a developed

computer systems to humans?
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 INTRODUCTION
• Objectives

• Defining a system
• The role of computer in information
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systems
• What are the characteristic and element of
information system
• What are the various types of information
system and models
• What are the different types of specialized
information system
 INTRODUCTION

• In business, System Analysis and

Design refers to the process of
examining a business situation with
the intent of improving it through
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better procedures and methods.

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• System analysis and design relates to
shaping organizations, improving
performance and achieving objectives
for profitability and growth.
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• The emphasis is on systems in action,
the relationships among subsystems and
their contribution to meeting a
common goal.
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• Looking at a system and determining
how adequately it functions, the
changes to be made and the quality of
the output are parts of system analysis.
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• Organizations are complex systems that
consist of interrelated and
interlocking subsystems.
• Changes in one part of the system have
both anticipated and unanticipated
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consequences in other parts of the

system.
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• The systems approval is a way of
thinking about the analysis and design
of computer based applications.
• It provides a framework for visualizing
the organizational and environmental
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factors that operate on a system.

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• System Analysis and Design focus on:
• systems,
• processes and
• technology
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 OVERVIEW OF S.A.D.

• Systems development can generally

be thought of as having two major
components: Systems analysis and
Systems design.
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• System design is the process of

planning a new business system or one
to replace or complement an existing
system.
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• System analysis, then, is the process of
gathering and interpreting facts,
diagnosing problems, and using the
information to recommend
improvements to the system.
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 Who do you think does the job?
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 BUSINESS SYSTEM
CONCEPTS
• The term system is derived form the
Greek word systema, which means an
organized relationship among
functioning units or components.
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• A system exists because it is designed

to achieve one or more objectives.
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• We come into daily contact with the
transportation system, the telephone
system, the accounting system, the
production system, and, for over two
decades, the computer system.
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• Similarly, we talk of the business
system and of the organization as a
system consisting of interrelated
departments (subsystems) such as
production, sales, personnel, and an
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information system.
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• The study of systems concepts, then,
has three basic implications:
1. A system must be designed to achieve a
predetermined objective.
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2. Interrelationships and interdependence

must exist among the components.
3. The objectives of the organization as a
whole have a higher priority than the
objectives of its subsystems.
 CHARACTERISTICS OF A
SYSTEM
• Our definition of a system suggests
some characteristics that are present in
all systems: organization (order),
interaction, interdependence,
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integration and a central objective.

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• Organization:
implies structure and order. It is the
arrangement of components that helps to
achieve objectives.
 a computer system is designed around an input
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device, a central processing unit, an output

device and one or more storage units.

 When linked together they work as a whole

system for producing information.
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• Interaction:
refers to the manner in which each component
functions with other components of the
system.
 In a computer system, the central processing unit
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must interact with the input device to solve a

problem.
 In turn, the main memory holds programs and
data that the arithmetic unit uses for
computation.
 The interrelationship between these components
enables the computer to perform.
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• Interdependence:
means that parts of the organization or
computer system depend on one another.
 They are coordinated and linked together
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according to a plan.
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• Integration:
refers to the holism of systems.
 concerned with how a system is tied together.

 parts of the system work together within the

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system even though each part performs a

unique function.
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• Central objective:
refers to the holism of systems.
 concerned with how a system is tied together.

 parts of the system work together within the

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system even though each part performs a

unique function.
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