Recommended air change rates:

Space Air change rates per hour

Carparks 6
Kitchen 20 - 60
Lavatory 15
Bathrooms 6
Boiler rooms 15 - 30
 Ventilation
Ventilation is the process of changing air in an enclosed space.
A proportion of the air in the space should be continuously withdrawn
and replaced by fresh air drawn from outside to maintain the required
level of air purity.
Ventilation is required to control the following:
a) Oxygen Content — Prevent depletion of the oxygen content of the air;
b) Carbondioxide and Moisture — To prevent undue accumulation;
c) Contaminants — To prevent undue rise in concentration of body
odours and other
contaminants such as tobacoo smoke;
d) Bacteria — To oxidize colonies of bacteria and fungus to prevent their
proliferation.
e) Heat — To remove body heat and heat dissipated by electrical or
mechanical equipment or solar heat gains.
• Mechanical ventilation is one of several forms of
ventilation options available.
• It usually consists of fans, filters, ducts, air diffusers and
outlets for air distribution within the building.
• It may include either mechanical exhaust system or
exhaust can occur through natural means.
Various parameters that affect the type of ventilation system
selected for a particular application, and the sizing of the
ventilation plant:

• The climatic zone in which the building is located is a

major consideration.
• Siting (and orientation) of the building is an important
factor.
• Internal Loads
• Exposure to Heat
• Hazardous substances
• Level of working conditions
Mechanical Extract/Natural Supply
This is simplest form of extract system
comprising one
or more fans, usually of the propeller, axial
flow or
mixed flow type, installed in outside walls or
on the
roof. The discharge should terminate in louvers
or
cowls or a combination of both.
Mechanical Supply/Natural Extract
This system is similar in form to the extract
system
but arranged to deliver fresh air positively into
the
enclosed space. Such a system necessitates
provision
for the discharge of vitiated air by natural
means.
Where there is a requirement for the enclosed
space to
be at a slightly higher pressure than its
surroundings
(to exclude dust or smoke, for example), the
discharge
may be through natural leakage paths or
balanced
pressure relief dampers, as may be required.
Combined Mechanical Supply and Extract
This system is a combination of those
described above
and may comprise supply and exhaust
ductwork
systems or may employ a common fan with a
fresh air
inlet on the low pressure side.
The rate of air circulation recommended for
different
general areas is as given in Table 5. Table 5
Recommended Rate of Air Circulation
for Different Areas
(Clause 6.5.1)
Sl Application Air Change
No. per Hour
(1) (2) (3)
1. Assembly rooms 4-8
2. Bakeries 20-30
3. Banks/building societies 4-8
4. Bathrooms 6-10
5. Bedrooms 2-4
6. Billiard rooms 6-8
7. Boiler rooms 15-30
8. Cafes and coffee bars 10-12
9. Canteens 8-12
10. Cellars 3-10
11. Churches 1-3
12. Cinemas and theatres 10-15
13. Club rooms 12, Min
14. Compressor rooms 10-12
15. Conference rooms 8-12
16. Dairies 8-12
17. Dance halls 12, Min
18. Dye works 20-30
19. Electroplating shops 10-12