Naming of ionic

compounds
 Naming cations
Cations of main group are given the name of the element
from which they are formed.
Example: Sodium ions
2. 1 Follow the name of the cation by roman numeral in
paretheses to indicate its charge
Example: Fe2+ to Iron (II)
2.2 Use the suffix “-ous” for cations with lesser charge, and
“-ic” for higher charge
Example: Iron (II)- ferrous; Iron (III)- ferric
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 Naming anions
Anions are named by replacing the ending of the element
name by the suffix “–ide.”
Examples: Chlorine- Chloride; Oxygen-Oxide

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 1.
S ;
2- Cu+ ; Cs+ ; Al 3+ ; Sn 4+

Give the name of each ion

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✘ S 2-- Sulfide
✘ Cu -Cuprous/ Copper (I)
+

✘ Cs -Cesium
+

✘ Al - Aluminum
3+

✘ Sn - Tin (IV)/ stannic

4+

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Naming ionic compounds with cations
from main group metals
Name the cation first, then the anion. Do not specify the
charge and how many ions are needed to balance the
charge.
Example: Mg2+ + Cl = MgCl2 (Magnesium Chloride)

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Naming ionic compounds that contains
a metal with a variable charge
1. Determine the charge of on the cation
2. Name the cation and the anion
3. Write the name of the cation first, and then the anion

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Naming ionic compounds that contains
a metal with a variable charge
1. Determine the charge of on the cation
2. Name the cation and the anion
3. Write the name of the cation first, and then the anion

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 EXAMPLE: CuCl2

CuCl2 2 Cl- The total negative charge is -2.

Cu must have a +2 charge to balance the -2 charge

of the anions.
Cu2+

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 Cu2+ Copper (II)/ Cupric
Cl- Chloride

Answer: Copper (II) chloride or Cupric chloride

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 Polyatomic ions
A cation or anion that contains more than 1 atom
The suffix –ite is used for an anion that has
one fewer oxygen atom than a similar anion with
the –ate ending.
When two anions differ in the presence of a
hydrogen, or the prefix bi- is added to the name of
the anion.
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IUPAC system of
nomenclature
 “
But first, let’s talk about

ALKANES

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 Alkanes
✘ Are hydrocarbons containing only C-C or C-H single bonds.
✘ Acyclic alkanes- chains of carbons with no rings (CnH2n+2)
✘ Cycloalkanes- contains carbons joined in one or more rings (CnH2n)

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 What is iupac?
✘ International Union of Pure and
Applied Chemistry

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Simple steps in naming your alkanes
✘ Identify the longest carbon chain. This
chain is called the parent chain.
✘ Identify all of the substituents (groups
appending from the parent chain).

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✘ Number the carbons of the parent chain from
the end that gives the substituents the lowest
numbers. When compairing a series of numbers,
the series that is the "lowest" is the one which
contains the lowest number at the occasion of
the first difference. If two or more side chains are
in equivalent positions, assign the lowest
number to the one which will come first in the
name.
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✘ If the same substituent occurs more
than once, the location of each point
on which the substituent occurs is
given. In addition, the number of
times the substituent group occurs is
indicated by a prefix (di, tri, tetra,
etc.)
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✘ If there are two or more different
substituents they are listed in alphabetical
order using the base name (ignore the
prefixes). The only prefix which is used when
putting the substituents in alphabetical
order is iso as in isopropyl or isobutyl. The
prefixes sec- and tert- are not used in
determining alphabetical order except when
compared with each other.
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✘ If chains of equal length are competing for
selection as the parent chain, then the choice
goes in series to:
a) the chain which has the greatest number of
side chains.
b) the chain whose substituents have the
lowest- numbers.
c) the chain having the greatest number of
carbon atoms in the smaller side chain.
d)the chain having the least branched side
chains.
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✘ A cyclic (ring) hydrocarbon is
designated by the prefix cyclo-which
appears directly in front of the base
name.

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 “
ALKENES AND
ALKYNES
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This is all…
for now.

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