BRIDGECONSTRUCTION OF RATHOA HARYAM

BRIDGE PROJECT AT MANGLA DAM MIRPUR, AZAD

KASHMIR
BridgeConstruction of Rathoa Haryam
Bridge Project at Mangla Dam Mirpur,
Azad Kashmir

 Supervised By:
Engr. Qasim Riaz
 Presented By:


Hussnain khalid 16107

Muhammad Waqas Ghumman 16119

Waleed Arif 16111
Muhammad Mohsin Farooqi 16114
Session (2016-2020)
Content

 History Of Project
 Project Introduction
 Planning for Bridge Construction
 Bill of Quantity
 Bar bending schedule

 Structural Design
 Conclusion
History of Project

 A bridge is a structure built to span physical obstacles without closing the

way underneath such as a body of water, valley, or road, for the purpose
of providing passage over the obstacle. There are many different designs
that each serve a particular purpose and apply to different situations.
 Designs of bridges vary depending on the function of the bridge, the
nature of the terrain where the bridge is constructed and anchored, the
material used to make it, and the funds available to build it. The world
having a different structural and different material bridges but we should
that explain any two most wonderful bridges of world.
 Golden gate bridge
 The Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate,
the one-mile-wide (1.6 km) strait connecting San Francisco Bay and the
Pacific Ocean.
 The Former’s travel guide describes the Golden Gate Bridge as “possibly
the most beautiful, certainly the most photographed bridge in the world.
 At the time of its opening in 1937, it was both the longest and the tallest
suspension bridge in the world, with a main span of 4,200 feet (1,280 m)
and a total height of 746 feet (227 m).
 Hangzhou Bay Bridge
 Hangzhou Bay Bridge is a highway bridge with a cable-stayed portion
across Hangzhou Bay in the eastern coastal region of China. It connects
the municipalities of Jinxing and Ningbo in Zhejiang Province.
 The bridge shortened the highway travel distance between Ningbo and Shanghai from
400 km (249 mi) to 180 km (112 mi) and reduced travel time from 4 to 2 hours. At
35.673 km (22 mi) in length, Hangzhou Bay Bridge was among the ten longest trans-
oceanic bridges.
 The Hangzhou Bay Bridge has significantly shortened driving distance
between Ningbo and the Yangtze River Delta region and improved the
competitiveness of the Beeline Port.
 The bridge across the Hangzhou Bay was the subject of various feasibility
studies for over a decade before the final plans were approved in 2003.
An earlier plan placed the bridge further east, closer to the mouth of the
bay, which provided an even shorter travel distance between Ningbo and
Shanghai. Under this plan, the bridge would begin in the north from
Jinzhou, a suburb of Shanghai. The government of Shanghai rejected the
plan and focused on building the 32.5 km (20 mi)-long Donghai Bridge
from Shanghai to its off-shore port at Yangchuan in the mouth of the bay.
Project Introduction

 MIRPUR (AJK):
 Construction work on Mirpur-Islamgarh bridge over Mangla Dam has commenced, following a
formal approval of the billion-rupee project by the government.
 The project is said to cost an estimated Rs1.39 billion. Experts have said that at 7,181 metres
long, the bridge between Mirpur city and Islamgarh will be Asia’s longest.
 The project is targeted to be completed within three years, the source said.
 The bridge will not only reduce the road link between Mirpur city and Islamgarh town to an
unprecedented level, but will also reduce travelling time for commuters between district
headquarters of Mirpur and Kotli, as well as between Mirpur and Dadayal sub-division.
 The bridge will also open new vistas for the promotion of tourism in the region, the source
added.
Planning for Bridge Construction

 Scientific Dimensions for Bridge Construction

 There exist certain laws for nature, based on which every structure
constructed must perform. Scientists explain these natural forms and the
existence of these laws with the help of certain inter-relations between
certain elements.
 Social Dimension for Bridge Construction
 Enhancement of quality of life of the people, are greatly facilitated by the
bridge construction. These structures improve the mobility of people as
well as the material. This dimension helps to realize the pros and cons of
such construction and their related precautions.
 Technological Dimensions for Bridge Construction
 There have been many technological developments over decades in the
field of new structures, methods of construction and materials, as an
alternative for rare ones and in bringing new machinery that works over
human workers.
Bill Of Quantity

 Accurate cost estimation in the preliminary stages of project development

is critical for making informed planning decisions.
 Estimates prepared at the initial stages of a project can play several
important roles: They can form the basis of cost-benefit analysis, for
selection of potential delivery partners, to support a to-build-or-not-to-build
decision, and very often as a benchmark for future performance measure
(Ahiaga-Dagbui & Smith, 2014).
 According to Burke (1999) and Flyvbjerg, Holm, and Buhl (2002), at each
phase in the project implementation (conception, tendering, design,
construction) different levels of cost-estimating accuracy can be
achieved from the detail of information available
BAR BENDING SCHEDULE

 Bar Bending Schedule, commonly referred to as “BBS” is a comprehensive

list that describes the location, mark, type, size, length and number, and
bending details of each bar or fabric in a Reinforcement Drawing of a
Structure.
 The bars should be grouped together for each structural unit, e.g. beam,
column, etc.
 It is essential that the bar mark reference on the label attached to a
bundle of bars refers uniquely to a particular group or set of bars of
defined length, size, shape and type used on the job.
 :
 Material Testing reports

Conclusions

 Developing a reliable cost estimate for large-scale road transport projects

is a challenge for any authority or organization, especially at the
preliminary design phase, where only a general idea exists about what the
project will entail.
 An accurate cost estimation can be then achieved by multiplying the
properly selected material unit prices with the pre- dicted material
quantities. Furthermore, following comparison of the FFANNs’ perfor-
mance against the performance of the respective linear regression
models, it became apparent that the use of artificial intelligence resulted
in an improved level of accuracy.
 Similar extended databases could be developed to include the remaining
bridge elements (e.g., foundations and abutments), other road
infrastructure elements (culverts, underpasses and overpasses) as well as
motorway bridges constructed with different materials (e.g., steel girders
and reinforced-concrete slabs) or construction methods (e.g., incremental
launching) and lead to additional cost estimation models utilizing FFANNs.