Development Of EEG

Acquisition System

EEG(Electroencephalogram)
Group Members

 Haseeb-Ur-Rehman
FA12-BEL-014
 Adnan Amar
FA12-BEL-002
 Zeeshan Masood
FA12-BEL-038
Supervisor
Mr. Khubaib Ahmed
Co-Supervisor
Mr. Armughan Mohsin
What is EEG?
EEG is an instrument which can record the electrical potentials that happens
due to any brain activity.
EEG signal:-
• It ranges about 10uV to 100uV on the scalp of adult person.
• It frequency spectrum from 0Hz to 300Hz.
• Strong signal found on the scalp of person(e.g. Activity Of Eye Blink)
EEG signal categorized by frequency and named as.
• Delta Waves(0-4Hz)
• Theeta waves.(4-8Hz)
• Alpha Waves.(8-14Hz)
• Beeta Waves.(13-30Hz)
• Gamma Waves.(30-100Hz)
Objective

 To design and implement multistage analog front end along with embedded systems
to acquire EEG(Electroencephalogram) signal in the range of 10 to 100
microvolts.
 In standard working environment it is challenging to acquire micro volt signal in a
presence of noises and interferences.
 To acquire the data of left hand and right hand movement from different kind of
electrodes to minimize its cost.
Application of EEG.

 Seizure disorders (such as epilepsy)

 A head injury
 A brain tumor
 Encephalopathy(brain function affected by some toxin in the blood)
 Drowsiness level detection.
 Coma
Application of combine system of(EEG and Brain computer Interface)
 Keyboard.
 Motor driving e.g.(wheel chair etc)
Two Approaches In Our Circuit

 LOW PROFILE TECHNIQUE.

In this approach we designed amplifier circuit with AD620 and 3130 Op-Amp with
simple basic calibration.
 HIGH PROFILE TECHNIQUE.
In this we designed amplifier circuit with INA114 and TLC277 with multistage
amplifications and filters.
Diagram Explanation Of AD620

Band pass
filter
Instrumentati Gain 66
User head on amplifier Cut off Output
Gain 23 6.6Hz-159Hz
Gain Selection (AD620)

• The 2.2K resistor sets the gain of this

chip to about 23,
• Gain formula:-
49𝐾Ω
G= 1 +
𝑅𝑔
. Expected output :-
e.g. if we introduce the 10uV signal
result would be 0.2mV.
COMSATS
CA3130 Next Stage Amplifier And Filter

Act as band pass active filter .

• Cutt-off for low frequencies.

Fc=1/(R2*C2)
C2=6.8nF R2= 1MΩ
Fc=6.62Hz.
• Cutt-off for high frequencies
Fc=1/(R1*C1)
Fc=159Hz
GAIN OF 3130
• Gain=-R1/R2
R1=1MΩ R2=15kΩ
G=66.6
COMSATS
Band Pass Filter Response

Overall gain of the system

Gtotall=1530.

COMSATS
3130 As Virtual Ground.

 Since our signal is positive and negative value with 0 mean.

 So we bias the signal with 2.5V.
 Our signal floating with 2.5v mean.
 Results :-
 Input is fed with 0.8mV of signal
 Output was expected to 1.22V
 Outcomes was about was 500mV.

COMSATS
Schematic

COMSATS
PCB Schematic And Board With Components

COMSATS
Diagram Explanation On INA114 Circuit

INSTRUME
USER HIGH LOW HIGH LOW ARDU
NTAION
HEAD PASS PASS PASS PASS INO
AMPLIFIER

c1=1uF c1=1uF Gain

R1=1MΩ 𝑅1+𝑅2
R1=1MΩ k=Fc=1/(2ԉ┌c1c2*R1R2)
1 1 𝑅1
we used R1 and R2
serially 2.2kΩ. fc= fc=
R1=100K C1=InF Fc=152hz

Gain Formula 2п 𝑅1∗𝐶1 FC=1/2ԉR1*C12п 𝑅1∗𝐶1 𝐾 = 13.19

G=1+50kΩ/4.4kΩ Fc=0.16Hz Fc=0.16Hz
FC=1592.35HZ
weG=12.32
used R1 and R2 serially R1=100K Fc=0.16hz
Gain=R2/R1
2.2kΩ. c1=1uF R1=1MΩ C1=InF
Highest possible
Fc=1/(2ԉ┌c1*R1) 1 fc= 2п
1
Gain Formula Gain at Vr=0.
Fc=0.16Hz fc= 2п𝑅1∗𝑅2 𝑐1𝑐2∗𝑅1𝑅2
50𝐾Ω
G= 1 + G=100 FC=1592.35HZ Gain
𝑅𝑔 GAIN=-R2/R1 fc=152Hz
G=12.32 Lowest possible according to our requirement. K=(R1+R2)/R1
gain at Vr=20kΩ highest possible Gain at vR=0. K=13.19
Gain=-R2/R1=-100
𝑅2
G= Lowest possible gain at vR=20kΩ.
20𝑘+𝑅1 Gain=-R2/(20kΩ+R1)=4.76
𝐺 = 4.76
Schematic

COMSATS
Board file

COMSATS
Stuffing on Board
Previous Images

COMSATS
Line Noise Distortion

• Also known as Hum noise, power

hum.
• Associated with alternating current
at the frequency of main electricity .
• Electrical wires produces
electromagnetic field .
• That electromagnetic filed induced
in the amplifiers at frequency of 50Hz.
• This particular noise induced in our
circuit the produced lot of distortion
in our results.
Shielding

• Shielding is
techniques used in
amplifier circuits.
• That minimize the
effect of line noise.
• So we made box from
tin and ground our
circuit with shielding
box.
Results images
Video
Interfaced with Arduino.
CODE
int sensorValue1 = 0; // variable
 Our output is Analog. to store the value coming from the
sensor
 We want to see its results in digital
data. void setup() {

 So we interfaced with Arduino . pinMode(A0, INPUT);

 Used Arduino ADC to convert the

analog to digital. Serial.begin(9600);
}
 To zoom in the our graph plot we
used map function. void loop()
{
Function of Arduino. delay(1);
analogReference(INTERNAL1V1);
sensorValue1= analogRead(A0);

Serial.print(sensorValue1);

COMSATS }
2 channel electrode

 Results Right and left hand movements.

References

 Texas instruments website.

 Active filter design techniques.
 Active low pass filter design.
 Book
 Electronic devices by Thomas L Floyd.
 Analog Electronics in Urdu by Sir Khalid Khan(COMSATS).
 Video
 YouTube video lectures on instrumentation amplifier.