EEL1010 Introduction to Electrical Engineering

Lab Report

Roll Number B23cs1044

Name Neeraj Kumar

Experiment Number Experiment 05

Experiment Title Operational Amplifiers

Lab Partner’s Name Prajna Agrawal

Objective
The objective of this experiment is to study the applications of opamps as inverting and
non inverting amplifier and summing amplifier.

Brief Theory and Circuit Diagram

Operational amplifier: An operational amplifier is an anolog circuit block that takes a
differential voltage input and produces a single ended voltage output. An operational
amplifier is a three terminal device which consists of two high impedance inputs (one
of the inputs is called Inverting Input and the other is called Non-Inverting input). The
third terminal represents the output terminal which can both sink and source either a
voltage or a current.
Experiment (a): Inverting Amplifier
In the inverting operational amplifier circuit, the signal is applied at the inverting input and
the non inverting input is connected to the ground. In this type of amplifier, the output is
180 degree out of the phase to the input. When positive signal is applied to circuit, the
output of the circuit will be negative.

Circuit diagram

Adjusting Function generator to 0.1 sin(ωt) (f = 1KHz) as the input to inverting terminal of
the opamp.

a. R2 = 51 kΩ
b. R2 = 100 kΩ

R2 Calculated Gain Measured Gain

(−R2/R1) (V0/Vi)

51 kΩ -5.1 -3.92

100 kΩ -10 -8.42

Experiment (b): Non- Inverting Amplifier

When the signal is applied at the non inverting input, the resulting circuit is Known as Non
inverting Amplifier. In this amplifier the output is exactly in phase with the input. When a
positive voltage is applied to the circuit, the output will also be positive.
Adjusting Vi = 0.1 sin(ωt) (f = 1 kHz)
a. R2 = 51 kΩ

b. R2 = 100 kΩ

R2 Calculated Gain Measured Gain

(1 + R2/R1) (V0/Vi)

51 kΩ 6.1 5.37

100 kΩ 11 9.8
Experiment (c): Summing Amplifier
A Summing amplifier is a circuit that produce an output, which is equal to the sum of the
applied inputs.
An opamp based adder produces an output equal to the sum of the input voltages applied
at its inverting terminal.

Circuit diagram

Adjusting Vin1 = 0.2 sin(ωt) (f = 1 kHz) from the Function Generator and
Vin2 = 2.5 V DC.
Actual Values used Calculated (theoretically) Measured
in the circuit
(Using cursors/measure function)

Maximum value of Minimum value Maximum value of Minimum value of

Vo of Vo
Vin2 = 2.5 V Vo Vo
(–Rf/R1) (Vin2 + Vp) (–Rf/R1) (Vin2 –
Rf= 2 kΩ
Vp)
R1 =R2 = 1 kΩ
-5.4 v -4.6 v -3.76 v -2.72 v

Conclusion
In this experiment we study the applications of operational amplifier as inverting, non
inverting amplifier and summing amplifier. Inverting amplifier introduces a phase shift of
180 degree between the input and output signals, whereas a non inverting amplifier has 0
degree phase shift between input and output signals.