TERMINATING AND CONNECTING

ELECTRICAL WIRING AND

ELECTRONICS CIRCUIT (TCEW)
Lesson 6

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 Conductors and Insulators
• Conductors are materials that permit electrons to flow freely.
• Silver
• Copper
• Aluminum

• Insulators are materials that blocks the flow of electrons.

• Rubber
• Plastic

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 Increasing Conductivity Ability

Insulator Semi-conductor Conductor

Carbon

Mercury

Iron
Wood

Aluminum

Copper

Silver
Rubber

Glass

Dry Air

Germanium

Water
Silicon

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 Identify conductors and insulators
CONDUCTORS INSULATORS

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 Wires and Cables
Wires and cables are used synonymously but they are quite different.

A wire is a single conductor(material most commonly being copper or

aluminum) while cable is two or more insulated wires wrapped in one
jacket.
Is this a wire
or a cable?

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 Types of Electrical Wires

Solid wire
• A single conductor that is either bare or insulated.

Stranded wire
• Composed many thin strands of wires twisted together.
• Used where flexibility is important because which the wire can be
used for a longer period.

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Solid Wires Stranded Wires

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 Types of Electrical Cables

1. Twisted pair cable – A twisted pair cable has two cables that are
twisted across each other. Twisting can avoid noise that produced by
magnetic coupling, so this type of cable is best suited for carrying
signals. It is generally used in telecommunication and data
communication.
2. Multi-conductor cable – Multi conductor cable has two or more
conductors that are insulated from each other. Their purpose is to
protect signal integrity by reducing hum, noise and crosstalk.
Applications include computers, communications, instrumentation,
sound, control, audio, and data transmission.

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3. Coaxial cable – Coaxial cable is composed of an inner solid
conductor surrounded by a paralleled outer foil conductor that is
protected by an insulating layer. The two conductors are separated
from each other by an insulating dielectric. Coaxial cables are
generally used in TV Cable.

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4. Fiber optics cable – This kind of cable transmits signals by a bundle
of glass threads. Fiber optic cables have a much greater bandwidth
than metal cables, which means they can carry more data. They are
also less susceptible to interference. For these two reasons, fiber
optic cables are increasingly being used instead of traditional
copper cables despite that they are expensive.

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 Wire Termination
Electrical termination is an electrical industry term used to describe
the specific point at which a conductive device, such as wire or cable,
ends or starts. A wire typically ends, or terminates, at the terminal
block; but the electricity or signal may be passed onto the terminal
connectors.

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 Wire termination methods
Soldering
Soldering is a process in which two or more metal items are joined
together by melting and then flowing a filler metal into the joint—the
filler metal having a relatively low melting point.

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Crimping
Crimping is joining 2 pieces of metal or other ductile material
(usually a wire and a metal plate) by deforming one or both of them
to hold the other. Crimping Tool

RJ45

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Keystone Jack Keystone Jack
Termination Tool

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Ribbon Cable Connector

Hand Press Ribbon Cable

Connector

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References:
http://www.dsmt.com/resources/termination-options/
http://www.assemblymag.com/articles/83099-wire-termination-uses-and-methods
http://www.physicsclassroom.com/class/estatics/Lesson-1/Conductors-and-Insulators
http://www.copperwiregranulator.com/gallery/Difference-between-Wire-and-Cable.html
http://www.sciencebuddies.org/science-fair-projects/project_ideas/Elec_primer-solder.shtml

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