Concept of Prevention of Health

Problems and Diseases

Shahnaz Parveen (SzP)

M.S.S, M.Ed, M.Phil
Senior Lecturer
Cell: 017-2040-5055
E-mail:
shahnaz.parveen@northsouth.Edu
Department Of Public Health,
North South University (NSU)
SAC-8, Room-818
 Group work:
“Activities for Health
Promotion and Disease
Prevention Programs”

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 2
 Learning Objectives
Concepts of disease prevention
Types of prevention
Concepts of health promotion
Healthy life style
Non-communicable disease
Communicable disease

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 3
 Natural History of Disease

• Recovery
Exposure Host • Disability
Disease
• Death

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 4
 Concept of Disease Prevention
 Definition: Actions aimed at Eradicating,
Eliminating or Minimizing the impact of
disease and disability, or if none of these are
feasible, retarding the progress of the disease
and disability.

 Types:
Primordial (latest)
Primary
Secondary
Tertiary

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 5
 Primordial Prevention
• Primordial prevention consists of actions
to minimize future hazards to health and hence
inhibit the establishment factors
(environmental, economic, social, behavioral,
cultural) known to increase the risk of disease.

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 6
 Types of Disease Prevention
Primary Prevention
 Primary Prevention is
designed to prevent A
disease or condition, from
occurring in the first place.

Example:
Regular physical activity to
reduce the risk of
developing cardiovascular
disease and vaccination
against infectious diseases
are classic examples of
primary prevention
measures.
26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 7
 Types of Disease Prevention
Secondary Prevention
Secondary Prevention :
Attempts to identify a disease at its
earliest stage so that prompt and
appropriate management can be
initiated. Successful secondary
prevention reduces the impact of the
disease.

Example:
 A women can do a mammogram to
detect breast cancer or a diabetic
person can do eye screening for
glaucoma.

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 8
 Types of Disease Prevention
Tertiary Prevention
In tertiary prevention, an
existing, usually chronic disease
is managed to prevent
complications or further
damage.
For example, tertiary prevention
for children with Diabetes
focuses on tight control of blood
sugar, eye examinations,
excellent skin care, frequent
examination of the feet and
exercise to prevent heart and
blood
26-Oct-19 vessel disease… SzP,Summer 9
Activities for Health Promotion and Disease
Prevention Programs
 Typical activities for health promotion and disease prevention
programs include:
– Communication: Raising awareness about healthy behaviors for
the general public. Examples of communication strategies include
public service announcements, health fairs, mass media campaigns,
and newsletters.
– Education: Empowering behavior change and actions through
increased knowledge. Examples of education strategies include
courses, trainings, and support groups.
– Policy: Regulating or mandating activities by organizations or
public agencies that encourage healthy decision-making.
– Environment: Changing structures or environments to make
healthy decisions more readily available to large populations.

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 10
 Healthy Lifestyle
 A healthy lifestyle leaves you fit,
energetic and at reduced risk for disease,
based on the choices you make about
your daily habits.

 Good nutrition, daily exercise and

adequate sleep are the foundations for
continuing good health.

 Managing stress in positive ways

 For a longer and more comfortable

life, put together your plan for a healthy
lifestyle and be energetic.
26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 11
 Wellbeing
Wellbeing or wellness is
a general term for the
condition of an individual
or group, for example their
social, economic,
psychological, spiritual
or medical state; the
state of being
comfortable, healthy, or
happy.

26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 12
 Quality of Life(QOL)
 Quality of life
(QOL) is the
general well-being
of individuals and
societies.
 It observes life
satisfaction,
including
everything from
physical health,
family, education,
employment,
wealth, religious
beliefs, finance
and the
environment.
26-Oct-19 SzP,Summer 13