GLOBAL

GOVERNANCE
 Global governance is understood as “…the way
in which global affairs are managed. As there is
global government, global governance typically
involves a range of actors including states, as
well as regional and international organizations.
However, a single organization may nominally
GLOBAL
be given the lead role on an issue, for example
GOVERNANCE the World Trade Organization in world trade
affairs. Thus global governance is thought to be
an international process of consensus-forming
which generates guidelines and agreements
that affect national governments and
international corporations. Examples of such
consensus would include WHO policies on
health issues” (WHO, 2015).
 Get a modern PowerPoint
a movement towards political cooperation among transnational actors, aimed at negotiating
responses to problems that affect more than one state or region. Institutions of global
governance—the United Nations, the International Criminal Court, the World Bank, etc.—tend
to have limited or demarcated power to enforce compliance.
broadly used to designate all regulations intended for organization and centralization of human
DEFINITIONS

societies on a global scale. The Forum for a new World Governance defines world governance
simply as "collective management of the planet".
OTHER

According to Adil Najam, global governance is simply "the management of global processes in
the absence of global government."
According to Thomas G. Weiss, "'Global governance'—which can be good, bad, or
indifferent—refers to concrete cooperative problem-solving arrangements, many of which
increasingly involve not only the United Nations of states but also 'other UNs,' namely
international secretariats and other non-state actors."
Global governance is "the complex of formal and informal institutions, mechanisms,
relationships, and processes between and among states, markets, citizens and organizations,
both inter- and non-governmental, through which collective interests on the global plane are
articulated, Duties, obligations and privileges are established, and differences are mediated
through educated professionals."
 Importance of Global Governance
• allow us to end armed conflict
• deal with new and emerging problems such as technological risks and automation
• to achieve levels of prosperity and progress never before seen.
• Most important reason is that no single nation has got all the resources to tackle
problems plaguing humanity and this planet - poverty, malnutrition, disease, climate
change, disaster risk, organized crime, terrorism etc. These problems ( like Ebola,
retreating glaciers etc) do not recognize political boundaries and are a risk to us all.
Second reason is globalization, with which world has woven into one fabric where
internal policies of one nation can affect the whole world.
• key to solving global problems.
 Actors in Global Governance
• States
• Intergovernmental Organization IGOs
• Non-governmental Organization NGOs
• Experts
• Global Policy Networks
• Multinational Corporation MNCs
 Agenda-Setting
01 Agenda setting is the idea the media have a powerful

Global governance influence over the issues that people think about
because the agenda is already set by journalists.

can be roughly Policymaking

divided into four 02 the activity of deciding on new policies, especially by a

government or political party

stages: 03
Implementation and enforcement
Implementation refers to the building process rather
than the design process while enforcement is the act
of enforcing; compulsion.
Evaluation, monitoring, and adjudication
04 a process that helps improve performance and achieve
results. Its goal is to improve current and future
management of outputs, outcomes and impact.
 World Health Organization (2015) argues that three
primary gaps exist
Jurisdictional gap, between the increasing need for global governance in
many areas – such as health – and the lack of an authority with the power, or
jurisdiction, to take action.
Incentive gap, between the need for international cooperation and the
motivation to undertake it. The incentive gap is said to be closing as
globalization provides increasing impetus for countries to cooperate.
However, there are concerns that, as Africa lags further behind economically,
its influence on global governance processes will diminish.
Participation gap, which refers to the fact that international cooperation
remains primarily the affair of governments, leaving civil society groups on
the fringes of policy-making. On the other hand, globalization of
communication is facilitating the development of global civil society
movements.”
Thakur & Weiss (2015) argue that there are five
particular “gaps” in global governance.
Knowledge gaps- about the nature of the problem or the extent and
intensity of a global challenge.
Example: Global Warming
Normative Gaps
The rules guiding appropriate responses are contested. It follow
knowledge gaps. After we understand that an issue exists, it is important to
establish (and develop) norms to address that problem.
Policy Gaps
It is related to the specifically policies that one can implement in order
to address the stated problem. In terms of who should response and how.
Institutional Gaps
-It is the challenges of implementing any policies that are put forth by
the international community. The insufficient clarity about lead actors or a
mismatch between policy and capacity to act.
Compliance Gaps
one of the final challenges. This includes effective implementation, as
well as enforcement.Amongst the challenges is the fact that “recalcitrant or
fragile actors may be unwilling or unable to implement agreed elements of
international policy.
 Some of the proposals
Fight against the roots of
terrorism and crime

Sustainable development on
a global scale at all levels

Eradication of poverty in
all countries

Equal rights for all

Security of societies and

its correlation with the
need for global reforms
 Arenas of Global Governance
• Intergovernmental organization (IGO) - established by a treaty
that acts as a charter creating the group.
• Supranational organization - an international group or union in
which the power and influence of member states transcend
national boundaries or interests to share in decision making and
vote on issues concerning the collective body.
• Trans-governmental networks - informal institutions linking
regulators, legislators, judges, and other actors across national
boundaries to carry out various aspects of global governance.
• Transnational governance - subset of governance. Its goal is to
foster economic and social development.
 GLOBAL GOVERNANCE FAILURE
According to Goldin, the institutions of global governance - the UN, the
International Money Fund, the World Bank are increasingly incapable of
managing the instabilities created by global interdependence. The 2008
financial crisis is emblematic of this problem: advances in technology,
financial instruments, and banking collided with outdated regulatory
institutions, that brings the world economy to the brink of collapsed.