2.

2. Types of bridges and

culverts
 Types of bridges
 Can be classified based on:
 Kinds of Traffic
 Traffic Position
 Material and Fabrication
 Structural System
By kind of traffic
 High way bridge(trucks, cars)
 Pedestrian bridge(pedestrians,
bicycles)
 Railway bridge (trains)
 Utility bridge (pipelines,
aqueduct etc.)
Pedestrian
bridge
Pipe line
bridge
 By traffic position
 Deck type
 Structural components under the deck
 Requires space under the deck
 Preferred by drivers
 Through type
Structural components above the deck
 No structure under the bridge
 Obstructed view
 Half –through type
Deck type
bridge
 By materials and
fabrications
 Materials  Fabrications
 Masonry (brick,  Precast (RC/PC)
stone)  Cast in place
 Timber (RC/PC)
 Reinforced concrete  Pretensioned(PC)
 Prestressed concrete
 Posttensioned (PC)
 Steel
 Composites etc.  Rivet(steel )
 etc
By structure
 Arch
 Beam/girder
 Rigid frame
 Cable stayed
 Suspension
Arch bridge
Cont…
 Beam/Girder
 The most basic
type
 Can be made
simply supported
(mostly),
continuous or
cantilever
 Inexpensive to
build
 Cont..
Can be
 U-beam
 I-beam
 T-beam
PC girder
or
 Steel box
 Steel truss
Truss bridges
Rigid frame bridge
 The deck is made monolithic with the pier
Cable-stayed bridge
 A deck is suspended by a straight
diagonal cables
Cont…
 Cable Arrangements can be of these types
Cont…
 All the forces are transferred from the deck
through the cables to the pylon/tower
Cont…
Suspension bridge