Modals of

permission
What is  The modal verbs include can, must, may,
might, will, would, should. They are used
a with other verbs to express ability,
obligation, possibility, and so on.
modal?  Modal verbs can be used to give or ask
for permission
Modal Meaning Example
can to express ability I can speak a little Russian.
can to request permission Can I open the window?
may to express possibility I may be home late.
may to request permission May I sit down, please?
must to express obligation I must go now.
must to express strong belief She must be over 90 years old.

should to give advice You should stop smoking.

would to request or offer Would you like a cup of tea?

would in if-sentences If I were you, I would say sorry.

  We use would you mind to ask for something in a polite way.
 Would you mind If I borrowed your car tonight?

MODAL + IF + SUBJECT+ VERB (PAST) + COMPLEMENT

WOULD  When we don't mention the subject we may just use Verb + ing
 Would you mind taking this book back for me?

MODAL + VERB (ING) + COMPLEMENT

 Also we can mention an specific subject

 Would you mind John's staying here with us?

MODAL + SUBJECT + VERB (ING) + COMPLEMENT

  We use "Do you mind" to ask for something in a polite way.
 Do you mind If I join you tonight?
MODAL + IF + SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT
We may sometimes get confused by the subject. So pay attention to these two
sentences.
Do you mind If I turn on the TV? (Shall I turn the TV on?)

DO
Do you mind If you turn on the TV? (Can you please turn the TV on)

 When we don't mention the subject we may just use Verb + ing
 Do you mind washing the car for me?
MODAL + VERB (ING) + COMPLEMENT

 Also we can mention an specific subject

 Do you mind Sam's coming with us?
MODAL + SUBJECT + VERB (ING) + COMPLEMENT

POSIBLE ANSWERS: No, not at all. Of course not. No, go on please. OR Yes, I do
  May is a polite modal verb used to ask for permission. Here are
some examples:
 May I use a calculator on the test?
 May I have another piece of cake?

MAY
 The polite answers using may are as follows:
 Yes, you may.
 No, you may not.

MODAL + SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT

  Could is also used to ask for permission. It is less formal than using
may. Here are some examples with could:
 Could I have some more juice?
 Could I bring a friend to the party?

COULD
MODAL + SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT
  Can is the least formal of the modal verbs used to ask permission.
Here are some examples with can:

CAN
 Can I play music?
 Can I wear shorts

MODAL + SUBJECT + VERB + COMPLEMENT